Dark clouds again over Northern Ireland (Armenian, Հայերէն)

Դարձեալ մութ ամպեր Հիւսիսային Իրլանտայի վրայ:  Տասնըհինգ տարիներու յարաբերական խաղաղութիւնէ ետք՝ Հիւսիսային Իրլանտայի երկինքը դարձեալ մթագնեցաւ բրիտանացի երկու զինուորներու եւ ոստիկանի մը սպաննութեամբ:

Continuity IRA »õ Real IRA ѳݭñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý ³Û­É³­Ù»ñÅ ½ÇÝ­»³É ËÙµ³Ï­Ý»­ñÁ ëï³ÝÓ­Ý»­óÇÝ ³Ûë ³ñÇõ­Ýáï ³ñ³ñù­Ý»­ñáõÝ å³­ï³ë­Ë³­Ý³­ïáõáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ »õ ³Ý­ÙÇ­ç³­Ï³Ý Ñ³ñ­ó³­Ï³­ÝÇ ï³Ï ¹ñÇÝ »ñÏ­ñÇ ù³­Õ³­ù³­Ï³Ý ß³ï ÷ËñáõÝ Status Quo-Ý: ´³Ûó á±í »Ý ³ÝáÝù »õ DZÝã Ýå³­ï³Ï­Ý»ñ ÏÁ ÑÇ­ï³åÝ­¹»Ý:

²Ûë Ýáñ ëå³­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñÁ, ù³­Õ³­ù³­Ï³Ý å³­ï»­ñ³½­ÙÇ ÙÁ í»ñëÏë­Ù³Ý Ùï³­í³­Ëáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ Û³­é³­ç³­óáõ­óÇÝ, ³Ñ áõ ¹áÕ ï³­ñ³­Í»­Éáí ä¿É­ý³ë­Ã¿Ý î³å­ÉÇÝ »õ ÈáÝ­ïáÝ: سѭáõ³Ý ëïáõ»­ñÁ ¹³ñÓ­»³É Û³ÛïÝ­áõ»­ó³õ ÐÇõ­ëÇ­ë³­ÛÇÝ Æñ­É³­Ý³­ï³­ÛÇ íñ³Û: 1970-1998 ï»­õ³Í ù³­Õ³­ù³ó­Ç­³­Ï³Ý å³­ï»­ñ³½­ÙÁ åÇ­ïÇ íÇñëÏ­ëDZ ³ñ¹­»ûù: The troubles Ïá­ãáõáÕ ³Û¹ Ù³­Ñ³­óáõ ų­Ù³­Ý³­Ï³ßñ­ç³­ÝÁ ËÉ³Í ¿ñ ³õ»­ÉÇ ù³Ý 3500 ½áÑ »õ 50 000 íÇ­ñ³­õáñ:

²Ý­ßáõßï The Troubles å³­ïÇ­ñ³½­ÙÁ ·á­Ý¿ ų­Ù³­Ý³­Ï³­õáñ Ï»ñ­åáí í»ñç ·ï³õ 1998-ÇÝ ëïá­ñ³·ñ­áõ³Í §²õ³· àõñ­µ³Ã¦Ç ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ý³·­ñáí áñ γ­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ гݭñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý ÏáÕ­ÙÇÝ Ïáõ ï³ñ µ³­õ³­ñ³ñ Çñ³­õáõÝù­Ý»ñ »õ ÑÇ٭ݳ­Ï³Ý ½Ç­çáõÙ­Ý»ñ: ²Û­ëÇÝùÝ Î³­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ гݭñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñÁ í»ñç Ç í»ñ­çáÛ ÏÁ Ý»­ñ³é­áõ¿­ÇÝ Ï³­é³­í³­ñ³­Ï³Ý ѳ­Ù³­Ï³ñ­·ÇÝ Ù¿ç »õ ÏÁ ¹³é­Ý³­ÛÇÝ Ç߭˳­Ýáõ­Ã»³Ý ³Ý­¹³Ù ¹³­ñ³­õáñ ³Ï³­Ù³Û Ñ»­é³­óáõ­Ù¿ »õ ϳ­Ù³Û åáÛ­ùá­Ã¿ »ïù:

§²õ³· àõñ­µ³Ã¦Ç ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñÁ ³Ý­ßáõßï ß³ï µ³ñ¹ ¿ÇÝ Çñ»Ýó µÝáÛ­Ãáí »õ µá­í³Ý­¹³­Ïáõ­Ã»³Ùµ: ´á­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý Unionist Ù»­Í³­Ù³ë­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ, ÿ­»õ ÏÁ ϳ­ï³­ñ¿ñ ½³­Ý³­½³Ý ½Ç­çáõÙ­Ý»ñ, 볭ϳÛÝ ÑÇ٭ݳ­Ï³­ÝÁ ã¿ñ ÷áË­áõ»ñ. ÐÇõ­ëÇ­ë³­ÛÇÝ Æñ­É³Ý­ï³ ÏÁ ß³­ñáõ­Ý³­Ï¿ñ ÙÝ³É ³Ý­ç³ï­áõ³Í ѳ­ñ³­õÇ Î³­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ Ù»­Í³­Ù³ë­Ýáõ­Ã»³Ùµ Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ Ñ³Ý­ñ³­å»­ïáõ­Ã»­Ý¿Ý (î³å­ÉÇÝ) »õ ϳå­áõ³Í Ø»ÍÝ ´ñÇ­ï³Ý­ÇáÛ: Ø¿Ï Ëûë­ùáíª µá­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñÁ ã¿­ÇÝ ½Ç­ç»ñ ÑÇ٭ݳ­Ï³­ÝÁª ÈáÝ­ïá­ÝÇ Ñ»ï Çñ»Ýó áõÕ­Õ³­ÏÇ Ï³­åÁ: Ulster Unionist ´á­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñáõ ¹³­ñ³­õáñ ïÇ­ñ³­å»­ïáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ, ëÏë³Í 1603-ÇÝ, í»ñç ã¿ñ ·ïÝ»ñ ³Ûë ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ý³·­ñáí, 볭ϳÛÝ ÏÁ ïϳ­ñ³­Ý³ñ:

ä³­ñ³­·³Ý ÝáÛ­ÝÁ ã¿ñ γ­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ ѳݭñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý ëïá­ñ³·­ñáÕ ÏáÕ­ÙÇÝ: Sinn Fein-Ǫ ³Û­ëÇÝùÝ Provisional IRA-Ç (PIRA) Õ»­Ï³­í³ñ Gerry Adams »õ Martin McGuiness, ÙÇ­³­Ý³­Éáí ³õ»­ÉÇ ã³­÷³­õá­ñ³­Ï³Ý ϳ­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ Õ»­Ï³­í³ñ­Ý»­ñáõ, ÇÝã­å¿ëª David Hume, ³Û¹ ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ý³·­ñáí ÏÁ ¹³¹­ñ»ó­Ý¿­ÇÝ ½ÇÝ­»³É å³Û­ù³­ñÁ »õ ³é³­çÇÝ ³Ý­·³Ù Áɭɳ­Éáí Ù³ë ÏÁ ϳ½­Ù¿­ÇÝ Ï³­é³­í³­ñáõ­Ã»³Ý »õ ï»Õ ÏÁ ·ñ³­õ¿­ÇÝ »ñÏ­ñÇ ËáñÑñ­¹³­ñ³­ÝÇݪ Stormont-ÇÝ Ù¿ç: McGuiness Ù¿Ï­¹Ç ¹Ý»­Éáí Çñ PIRA-Ç ½Ç­Ýáõá­ñ³­Ï³Ý å³­ï³ë­Ë³­Ý³ï­áõÇ ½·»ë­ïÁª 2007-ÇÝ ÏÁ ¹³é­Ý³ñ »ñÏ­ñÇÝ ÷áË í³ñ­ã³­å»­ïÁ: ÆëÏ Çñ»Ýó ·É˳­õáñ Ãßݳ­ÙÇ Unionist µá­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý ͳۭñ³­Û»­Õ³­Ï³Ý Ian Paisley ÏÁ ¹³é­Ý³ñ í³ñ­ã³­å»ï: Ìǭͳ­Õ»­ÉÇ »õ ³Ý­Ñ»­Ã»Ã, 볭ϳÛÝ Çñ­É³Ý­ï³­Ï³Ý Çñ³­Ï³­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ:

1998-ÇÝ Ï³­Û³­ó³Í å³ï­Ù³­Ï³Ý ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñÁ µÝ³­Ï³­Ý³­µ³ñ Ù»Í ¹Å·áÑ­Ý»ñ Ó·»­óÇÝ »ñ­Ïáõ ѳ­Ï³­Ù³ñï ÏáÕ­Ù»­ñáõ ³ñ­Ù³­ï³­Ï³Ý áõ­Å»­ñáõ ß³ñ­ù»­ñáõÝ Ù¿çª Ù³­Ý³­õ³Ý¹ ϳ­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿­Ý»­ñáõÝ ÏáÕ­ÙÁ:

A Pro-Real I.R.A. (R.I.R.A.) grafitti and slogans, Falls Road, Belfast.

Provisional IRA-Ç Õ»­Ï³­í³­ñáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ »ñÏ­÷»Õ­áõ»­ó³õ »õ ³Û­É³­Ù»ñÅ­Ý»­ñÁ Gerry Adams-Á Ýϳ­ï»­óÇÝ ¹³­õ³­¹Çñ Çñ»Ýó ¹³­ïÇ ³Ù»­Ý³­Ï³­ñ»­õáñ Ï¿­ïÇݪ Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ ÙÇ­³ó­Ù³Ý Çï­¿­³­ÉÇÝ ³éÝ­ãáõ­Ã»³Ùµ: ØÝ³ó­»³É Ï¿­ï»­ñÁ ³ñ­¹¿Ý ϳ­ñ»­õáñ ÇëÏ ã¿­ÇÝ ³ÛÝ­ù³Ý ³ï»Ý, áñ ÏÕ½ÇÝ ÏÁ Ùݳñ µ³ÅÝ­áõ³Í, ÑÇõ­ëÇ­ëÁ å³­Ñ»­Éáí µá­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý »õ µñǭﳭݳ­Ï³Ý áõÕ­Õ³­ÏÇ Ñ³­Ï³Ïß­éÇÝ ï³Ï:

²Ûë­å¿ë ϳ½Ù­áõ³Í »õ Ù»­Ïáõ­ë³­ó³Í Real IRA (RIRA) »õ, Continuity IRA (CIRA) »ñ¹­áõ»­ó³Ý ß³­ñáõ­Ý³­Ï»É å³Û­ù³­ñÁ: ²ÝáÝó ³ÝáõÝ­Ý»ñÝ ÇëÏ Ïÿáõ­½»Ý ÛÇ­ß»ó­Ý»É µá­Éáñ Éëá­Õ³ó, ÿ Çñ»Ýù »Ý áñ ÏÁ Ý»ñ­Ï³­Û³ó­Ý»Ý »õ ÏÁ å³Ñ­å³­Ý»Ý ѳݭñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý å³ï­Ù³­Ï³Ý »õ ÙÇ­³ó­»³É Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ Çï­¿­³­ÉÁ: ²ÛÉ Ëûë­ùáí, ³ÝáÝù Ëá­ñ³­å¿ë ÏÁ ѳ­õ³­ï³Ý áñ Sinn Fein »õ Provisional-Ý»­ñÁ ¹ñ³­ÙÇ »õ Ñ»­Õǭݳ­Ïáõ­Ã»³Ý ëÇ­ñáÛÝ Í³­Ë»­óÇÝ Çñ»Ýó ëϽµáõÝù­Ý»­ñÁ »õ ¹³­õ³­×³­Ý»­óÇÝ Çñ­É³Ý­ï³­Ï³Ý ¹³­ñ³­õáñ »ñ³­½ÇÝ:

л­ï»­õ³­µ³ñ »ñ­Ïáõ ËÙµ³Ï­Ý»­ñáõÝ ³É ³Ý­ÙÇ­ç³­Ï³Ý Ýå³­ï³ÏÝ ¿ñ áõ ÏÁ ÙÝ³Û Ë³Ý­·³­ñ»É áñ»­õ¿ ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ, áñ ãÇ ÙÇ­³ó­Ý»ñ Æñ­É³Ý­ï³ ÏÕ½ÇÝ: ²Ûë Ûëï³Ï Ýå³­ï³­Ïáí ÇëÏ, ³ÝáÝù 1997-ÇÝ ëÏë³Ý ½³­Ý³­½³Ý ³Ý­Ñ»­Ã»Ã »õ ³ñÇõ­Ý³­ÉÇ å³Û­ÃáõÙ­Ý»­ñáõ »õ ëå³­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñáõ ³ÉÇ­ùÇ ÙÁ, áñáÝó í»ñ­çÇÝ­Ý»ñÝ ¿ÇÝ ³Ýó­ÝáÕ ³Ùë­áõ³Ý å³­ï³­Ñ³Í ½Ç­Ýáõá­ñ³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñáõ Ù³­Ñ»­ñÁ: ²Ûë Û³ñ­Ó³­ÏáõÙ­Ý»­ñáõ ³Ù»­Ý¿Ý ïËñ³Ñé­ã³ÏÝ ¿ñ Omagh-Ç 1998-Ç å³Û­Ãáõ­ÙÁ áñ ËÉ»ó 29 ½á­Ñ»ñ:

ä¿ïù ¿ 볭ϳÛÝ ß»ß­ï»É, áñ ³Ûë »ñ­Ïáõ ͳۭñ³­Û»Õ ËÙµ³Ï­óáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñÁ 볭ϳÛÝ áõ­ÝÇÝ µ³­õ³­Ï³Ý Ñ»­Õǭݳ­Ï³­õáñ Õ»­Ï³­í³­ñáõ­ÃÇõÝ »õ µ³½­Ù³­ÃÇõ ѳ­Ù³­ÏÇñ­Ý»ñ »õ áã áù ϳë­Ï³­ÍÇ ï³Ï Ïÿ³é­Ý¿ ³ÝáÝó Ëáñ ѳ­õ³ï­ùÁ, ѳ­Ï³­é³Ï Çñ»Ýó ËÇëï ¹³­ï³­å³ñ­ï»­ÉÇ ³ñ³ñù­Ý»­ñáõÝ:



¶ðÆ­¶à𠸺ð­Ò²Î­º²Ü

A pro-Continuity I.R.A. (C.I.R.A.) grafitti. They remind the War or struggle for a United Ireland is not over despite all agreements such as the "Good Friday" that still holds. The group is marginal, but determined and violent.

²Ûë­å¿ë, RIRA-Ç ÑÇ٭ݳ­¹Çñ ³Ý­¹³Ù­Ý»­ñ¿Ý »Ý 1982-ÇÝ Provisional IRA (PIRA) ѳ­ó³­¹áõ­Éáí Ù³­Ñ³­ó³Í Bobby Sands-Ç ùáÛ­ñÁª Bernadette Sands-Á »õ Çñ ³Ùáõ­ëÇ­ÝÁª Michael McKevitt-Á: ²Ûë í»ñ­çÇ­ÝÁ PIRA-Ç ½Ç­Ýáõá­ñ³­Ï³Ý µ³ñÓ­ñ³­·áÛÝ ï»­Õ³­Ï³ÉÝ ¿ñ (quartermaster) »ñµ 1997-Ç µ³­Ý³Ï­óáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñáõ ݳ­Ëûñ­»³­ÏÇÝ ½³Û­ñ³­ó³Í µ³ÅÝ­áõ»­ó³õ, Çñ Ñ»ï ï³­Ý»­Éáí ï³ëÝ­»³Ï­Ý»­ñáí ³Ý­¹³Ù­Ý»ñ »õ µ³­õ³­Ï³­ÝÇÝ Ï³­ñ»­õáñ ½¿Ýù áõ ½Ç­Ý³Ù­Ã»ñù:

CIRA »õ Çñ ¹³ß­Ý³­ÏÇó RIRA íï³Ý­·³­õáñ »Ý, áñáí­Ñ»­ï»õ ß³ï ÏáñëÝó­Ý»­ÉÇù ãáõ­ÝÇÝ: ¶Ç­ï»Ý ÿ Çñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ Ñ³Ý­ñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý ˳­õÁ ÏÁ ѳëÏ­Ý³Û Çñ»Ýó å³Û­ù³­ñÁ, ÝáÛ­ÝÇëÏ »Ã¿ ѳ­Ù³­Ó³ÛÝ ã»Ý Çñ»Ýó ³ñÇõ­Ý³­ÉÇ »õ á×­ñ³­ÛÇÝ ³ñ³ñù­Ý»­ñáõÝ: ì»ñ­çÇÝ ëå³­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñ¿Ý »ïù, »ñµ Ç߭˳­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñÁ Ó»ñ­µ³­Ï³­É»­óÇÝ RIRA-Ç ³Ý­¹³Ù Colin Duffy Ïá­ã»ó­»³­ÉÁ, ä¿É­ý³ë­ÃÇ Ùû­ï³­Ï³Û Çñ ßñç³­ÝÇÝ Ù¿ç ѳ­ñÇõ­ñ³­õáñ ϳ­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ »ñÇ­ï³­ë³ñ¹­Ý»ñ µá­Õá­ùÇ óáÛó »õ Ëéá­íáõ­ÃÇõÝ Ï³­ï³­ñ»­óÇÝ, Çñ»Ýó ³Ûë ½û­ñ³Ï­óáõ­Ã»³Ùµ ½³ñ­Ù³ó­Ý»­Éáí ß³­ï»ñ:

Sinn Fein-Ç å³ß­ïû­Ý³­Ï³Ý ¹Çñ­ùá­ñá­ßáõ­ÙÁ ³Ûë ËÙµ³Ï­Ý»­ñáõÝ Ñ³Ý­¹¿å ù³­Õ³­ù³­Ï³Ý »õ å³ï­Ù³­Ï³Ý ·»ï­ÝÇ íñ³Û ËÇëï ¹Åáõ³ñ ¿: Ø¿Ï ÏáÕ­Ù¿ ³Ý å¿ïù ¿ áñ å³ßï­å³­Ý¿ ϳ­é³­í³­ñ³­Ï³Ý ·Ç­ÍÁ »õ ËëïÇõ ¹³­ï³­å³ñ­ï¿ §Í³Û­ñ³­Û»Õ­Ý»­ñÁ¦: ØÇõë ÏáÕ­Ù¿, Gerry Adams-Ç Ï³½­Ù³­Ï»ñ­åáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ ãÇ Ïñݳñ ³Ý­ï»­ë»É »õ Ýë»­Ù³ó­Ý»É ³Ûë ËÙµ³Ï­Ý»­ñáõÝ ù³­Õ³­ù³­Ï³Ý å³Û­ù³­ñÇ ÑÇ٭ݳ­ù³­ñÁ ϳ½­ÙáÕ ØÇ­³ó­»³É Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ Ýå³­ï³­ÏÇÝ Ç ËݹÇñ å³Û­ù³­ñÁ. ÝáÛ­ÝÇëÏ »Ã¿ ÙÇ­çáó­Ý»­ñÁ ÁÉ­É³Ý ß³ï ë˳É: γ­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ ½³Ý·­áõ³­ÍÁ ÏÁ ·Ç­ï³Ï­óÇ, ÿ áõß Ï³Ù Ï³­ÝáõË µá­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñÁ å¿ïù ¿ ÝëïÇÝ ³õ»­ÉÇ Éáõñç ѳßÇõÇ »õ ¹¿Ù ¹Ý»Ý ÙÇ­³ó­»³É Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ ÙÁ ѳ­õ³­Ý³­Ï³­Ýáõ­Ã»³Ý, î³å­ÉÇÝ ù³­Õ³­ùÁ áõ­Ý»­Ý³­Éáí ǵ­ñ»õ Ù³Û­ñ³­ù³­Õ³ù:

Ø¿Ï Ëûë­ùáí, ³ñ³ñ ³ß­Ë³ñÑ ·Ç­ï¿ ÿ 1998-Ç §²õ³· àõñ­µ³Ã¦Ç ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ýáõ­Ã»õÝ­Ý»­ñÁ å³ï­Ù³­Ï³Ý Ï¿ï ÙÁÝ »Ý ÉáÏ »õ áã í»ñ­ç³­Ï¿­ïÁ: Real IRA-ÇÝ Ñ»­ï³åÝ­¹³ÍÝ ³É ×Çß¹ ³Û¹ ¿, ³Û­ëÇÝùÝ ÛÇ­ß»ó­Ý»É µá­Éáñ ÏáÕ­Ù»­ñáõÝ áñ Ý»ñ­Ï³­ÛÇ Ë³­Õ³­Õáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ ³ñ­¹ÇõÝù ¿ ų­Ù³­Ý³­Ï³­õáñ ½Ç­Ý³­¹³­¹³­ñÇ ÙÁ:

гݭñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñÁ ·Ç­ï»Ý, ÿ µáõÝ å³­ï»­ñ³½­ÙÁ ﳭϳ­õÇÝ Çñ ³õ³ñ­ïÇÝ Ñ³ë­Ý»­É¿ ß³ï Ñ»­éáõ ¿, ³ÛÝ­ù³Ý ³ï»Ý, áñ ÏÕ½ÇÝ ÏÁ ÙÝ³Û ³ñ­áõ»ë­ï³­Ï³Ý Ï»ñ­åáí µ³­ÅÝ­áõ³Íª å³Ñ­å³­Ý»­Éáõ ѳ­Ù³ñ ÑÇõ­ëÇ­ëÇ ³Ý·É­Ç­³­Ï³Ý »õ ëÏáíï­Ç­³­Ï³Ý ͳ­·áõ­Ùáí µá­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñáõÝ §Çñ³­õáõÝù­Ý»­ñÁ¦: Øݳ󭻳­ÉÁ å³ï­Ù³­Ï³Ý ³éáõ­Ùáí å³ñ½ ½Ç­Ý³­¹³­¹³ñ ¿, å³ï­ñ³ëï­áõ»­Éáí å³Û­ù³­ñÇ Ýáñ ÷áõ­ÉÇ:

ÎÿÁë­áõÇ, ÿ Ï»³Ý­ùÇÝ Ù¿ç Ï³Ý »ñ­Ïáõ ³Ý­Ëáõ­ë³­÷»­ÉÇ Çñ³­Ï³­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»ñª ïáõñ­ù»ñÝ áõ Ù³­ÑÁ: ²ëáÝó íñ³Û ϳ­ñ»­ÉÇ ¿ ݳ­»õ ³õ»Éó­Ý»É Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ ï³·­Ý³­åÁ, áñ 400 ï³­ñÇ­Ý»ñ »õ ³Ý­ÃÇõ Ù³­Ñ»­ñ¿ »ïù, Ù³ñ¹­Ïáõ­Ã»³Ý ÏÁ Ëáë­ï³­Ý³Û Ýá­ñ³­Ýáñ áÕ­µ»ñ­·áõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»ñ:
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Dark clouds again over Northern Ireland (Armenian, Հայերէն)

Horizon/ 2009-04-08 ¸³ñÓ­»³É Ùáõà ³Ù­å»ñ ÐÇõ­ëÇ­ë³­ÛÇÝ Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ íñ³Û



î³ë­ÝըÑÇÝ· ï³­ñÇ­Ý»­ñáõ Û³­ñ³­µ»­ñ³­Ï³Ý ˳­Õ³­Õáõ­Ã»­Ý¿ »ïùª ÐÇõ­ëÇ­ë³­ÛÇÝ Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ »ñ­ÏÇÝ­ùÁ í»ñ­ç»ñë ¹³ñÓ­»³É Ùó·­Ý»­ó³õ µñǭﳭݳ­óÇ Çñ­Ïáõ ½Ç­Ýáõáñ­Ý»­ñáõ »õ áë­ïǭϳ­ÝÇ ÙÁ ëå³­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñáí:

Continuity IRA »õ Real IRA ѳݭñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý ³Û­É³­Ù»ñÅ ½ÇÝ­»³É ËÙµ³Ï­Ý»­ñÁ ëï³ÝÓ­Ý»­óÇÝ ³Ûë ³ñÇõ­Ýáï ³ñ³ñù­Ý»­ñáõÝ å³­ï³ë­Ë³­Ý³­ïáõáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ »õ ³Ý­ÙÇ­ç³­Ï³Ý Ñ³ñ­ó³­Ï³­ÝÇ ï³Ï ¹ñÇÝ »ñÏ­ñÇ ù³­Õ³­ù³­Ï³Ý ß³ï ÷ËñáõÝ Status Quo-Ý: ´³Ûó á±í »Ý ³ÝáÝù »õ DZÝã Ýå³­ï³Ï­Ý»ñ ÏÁ ÑÇ­ï³åÝ­¹»Ý:

²Ûë Ýáñ ëå³­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñÁ, ù³­Õ³­ù³­Ï³Ý å³­ï»­ñ³½­ÙÇ ÙÁ í»ñëÏë­Ù³Ý Ùï³­í³­Ëáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ Û³­é³­ç³­óáõ­óÇÝ, ³Ñ áõ ¹áÕ ï³­ñ³­Í»­Éáí ä¿É­ý³ë­Ã¿Ý î³å­ÉÇÝ »õ ÈáÝ­ïáÝ: سѭáõ³Ý ëïáõ»­ñÁ ¹³ñÓ­»³É Û³ÛïÝ­áõ»­ó³õ ÐÇõ­ëÇ­ë³­ÛÇÝ Æñ­É³­Ý³­ï³­ÛÇ íñ³Û: 1970-1998 ï»­õ³Í ù³­Õ³­ù³ó­Ç­³­Ï³Ý å³­ï»­ñ³½­ÙÁ åÇ­ïÇ íÇñëÏ­ëDZ ³ñ¹­»ûù: The troubles Ïá­ãáõáÕ ³Û¹ Ù³­Ñ³­óáõ ų­Ù³­Ý³­Ï³ßñ­ç³­ÝÁ ËÉ³Í ¿ñ ³õ»­ÉÇ ù³Ý 3500 ½áÑ »õ 50 000 íÇ­ñ³­õáñ:

²Ý­ßáõßï The Troubles å³­ïÇ­ñ³½­ÙÁ ·á­Ý¿ ų­Ù³­Ý³­Ï³­õáñ Ï»ñ­åáí í»ñç ·ï³õ 1998-ÇÝ ëïá­ñ³·ñ­áõ³Í §²õ³· àõñ­µ³Ã¦Ç ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ý³·­ñáí áñ γ­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ гݭñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý ÏáÕ­ÙÇÝ Ïáõ ï³ñ µ³­õ³­ñ³ñ Çñ³­õáõÝù­Ý»ñ »õ ÑÇ٭ݳ­Ï³Ý ½Ç­çáõÙ­Ý»ñ: ²Û­ëÇÝùÝ Î³­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ гݭñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñÁ í»ñç Ç í»ñ­çáÛ ÏÁ Ý»­ñ³é­áõ¿­ÇÝ Ï³­é³­í³­ñ³­Ï³Ý ѳ­Ù³­Ï³ñ­·ÇÝ Ù¿ç »õ ÏÁ ¹³é­Ý³­ÛÇÝ Ç߭˳­Ýáõ­Ã»³Ý ³Ý­¹³Ù ¹³­ñ³­õáñ ³Ï³­Ù³Û Ñ»­é³­óáõ­Ù¿ »õ ϳ­Ù³Û åáÛ­ùá­Ã¿ »ïù:

§²õ³· àõñ­µ³Ã¦Ç ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñÁ ³Ý­ßáõßï ß³ï µ³ñ¹ ¿ÇÝ Çñ»Ýó µÝáÛ­Ãáí »õ µá­í³Ý­¹³­Ïáõ­Ã»³Ùµ: ´á­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý Unionist Ù»­Í³­Ù³ë­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ, ÿ­»õ ÏÁ ϳ­ï³­ñ¿ñ ½³­Ý³­½³Ý ½Ç­çáõÙ­Ý»ñ, 볭ϳÛÝ ÑÇ٭ݳ­Ï³­ÝÁ ã¿ñ ÷áË­áõ»ñ. ÐÇõ­ëÇ­ë³­ÛÇÝ Æñ­É³Ý­ï³ ÏÁ ß³­ñáõ­Ý³­Ï¿ñ ÙÝ³É ³Ý­ç³ï­áõ³Í ѳ­ñ³­õÇ Î³­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ Ù»­Í³­Ù³ë­Ýáõ­Ã»³Ùµ Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ Ñ³Ý­ñ³­å»­ïáõ­Ã»­Ý¿Ý (î³å­ÉÇÝ) »õ ϳå­áõ³Í Ø»ÍÝ ´ñÇ­ï³Ý­ÇáÛ: Ø¿Ï Ëûë­ùáíª µá­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñÁ ã¿­ÇÝ ½Ç­ç»ñ ÑÇ٭ݳ­Ï³­ÝÁª ÈáÝ­ïá­ÝÇ Ñ»ï Çñ»Ýó áõÕ­Õ³­ÏÇ Ï³­åÁ: Ulster Unionist ´á­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñáõ ¹³­ñ³­õáñ ïÇ­ñ³­å»­ïáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ, ëÏë³Í 1603-ÇÝ, í»ñç ã¿ñ ·ïÝ»ñ ³Ûë ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ý³·­ñáí, 볭ϳÛÝ ÏÁ ïϳ­ñ³­Ý³ñ:

ä³­ñ³­·³Ý ÝáÛ­ÝÁ ã¿ñ γ­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ ѳݭñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý ëïá­ñ³·­ñáÕ ÏáÕ­ÙÇÝ: Sinn Fein-Ǫ ³Û­ëÇÝùÝ Provisional IRA-Ç (PIRA) Õ»­Ï³­í³ñ Gerry Adams »õ Martin McGuiness, ÙÇ­³­Ý³­Éáí ³õ»­ÉÇ ã³­÷³­õá­ñ³­Ï³Ý ϳ­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ Õ»­Ï³­í³ñ­Ý»­ñáõ, ÇÝã­å¿ëª David Hume, ³Û¹ ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ý³·­ñáí ÏÁ ¹³¹­ñ»ó­Ý¿­ÇÝ ½ÇÝ­»³É å³Û­ù³­ñÁ »õ ³é³­çÇÝ ³Ý­·³Ù Áɭɳ­Éáí Ù³ë ÏÁ ϳ½­Ù¿­ÇÝ Ï³­é³­í³­ñáõ­Ã»³Ý »õ ï»Õ ÏÁ ·ñ³­õ¿­ÇÝ »ñÏ­ñÇ ËáñÑñ­¹³­ñ³­ÝÇݪ Stormont-ÇÝ Ù¿ç: McGuiness Ù¿Ï­¹Ç ¹Ý»­Éáí Çñ PIRA-Ç ½Ç­Ýáõá­ñ³­Ï³Ý å³­ï³ë­Ë³­Ý³ï­áõÇ ½·»ë­ïÁª 2007-ÇÝ ÏÁ ¹³é­Ý³ñ »ñÏ­ñÇÝ ÷áË í³ñ­ã³­å»­ïÁ: ÆëÏ Çñ»Ýó ·É˳­õáñ Ãßݳ­ÙÇ Unionist µá­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý ͳۭñ³­Û»­Õ³­Ï³Ý Ian Paisley ÏÁ ¹³é­Ý³ñ í³ñ­ã³­å»ï: Ìǭͳ­Õ»­ÉÇ »õ ³Ý­Ñ»­Ã»Ã, 볭ϳÛÝ Çñ­É³Ý­ï³­Ï³Ý Çñ³­Ï³­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ:

1998-ÇÝ Ï³­Û³­ó³Í å³ï­Ù³­Ï³Ý ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñÁ µÝ³­Ï³­Ý³­µ³ñ Ù»Í ¹Å·áÑ­Ý»ñ Ó·»­óÇÝ »ñ­Ïáõ ѳ­Ï³­Ù³ñï ÏáÕ­Ù»­ñáõ ³ñ­Ù³­ï³­Ï³Ý áõ­Å»­ñáõ ß³ñ­ù»­ñáõÝ Ù¿çª Ù³­Ý³­õ³Ý¹ ϳ­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿­Ý»­ñáõÝ ÏáÕ­ÙÁ:

A Pro-Real I.R.A. (R.I.R.A.) grafitti and slogans, Falls Road, Belfast.

Provisional IRA-Ç Õ»­Ï³­í³­ñáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ »ñÏ­÷»Õ­áõ»­ó³õ »õ ³Û­É³­Ù»ñÅ­Ý»­ñÁ Gerry Adams-Á Ýϳ­ï»­óÇÝ ¹³­õ³­¹Çñ Çñ»Ýó ¹³­ïÇ ³Ù»­Ý³­Ï³­ñ»­õáñ Ï¿­ïÇݪ Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ ÙÇ­³ó­Ù³Ý Çï­¿­³­ÉÇÝ ³éÝ­ãáõ­Ã»³Ùµ: ØÝ³ó­»³É Ï¿­ï»­ñÁ ³ñ­¹¿Ý ϳ­ñ»­õáñ ÇëÏ ã¿­ÇÝ ³ÛÝ­ù³Ý ³ï»Ý, áñ ÏÕ½ÇÝ ÏÁ Ùݳñ µ³ÅÝ­áõ³Í, ÑÇõ­ëÇ­ëÁ å³­Ñ»­Éáí µá­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý »õ µñǭﳭݳ­Ï³Ý áõÕ­Õ³­ÏÇ Ñ³­Ï³Ïß­éÇÝ ï³Ï:

²Ûë­å¿ë ϳ½Ù­áõ³Í »õ Ù»­Ïáõ­ë³­ó³Í Real IRA (RIRA) »õ, Continuity IRA (CIRA) »ñ¹­áõ»­ó³Ý ß³­ñáõ­Ý³­Ï»É å³Û­ù³­ñÁ: ²ÝáÝó ³ÝáõÝ­Ý»ñÝ ÇëÏ Ïÿáõ­½»Ý ÛÇ­ß»ó­Ý»É µá­Éáñ Éëá­Õ³ó, ÿ Çñ»Ýù »Ý áñ ÏÁ Ý»ñ­Ï³­Û³ó­Ý»Ý »õ ÏÁ å³Ñ­å³­Ý»Ý ѳݭñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý å³ï­Ù³­Ï³Ý »õ ÙÇ­³ó­»³É Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ Çï­¿­³­ÉÁ: ²ÛÉ Ëûë­ùáí, ³ÝáÝù Ëá­ñ³­å¿ë ÏÁ ѳ­õ³­ï³Ý áñ Sinn Fein »õ Provisional-Ý»­ñÁ ¹ñ³­ÙÇ »õ Ñ»­Õǭݳ­Ïáõ­Ã»³Ý ëÇ­ñáÛÝ Í³­Ë»­óÇÝ Çñ»Ýó ëϽµáõÝù­Ý»­ñÁ »õ ¹³­õ³­×³­Ý»­óÇÝ Çñ­É³Ý­ï³­Ï³Ý ¹³­ñ³­õáñ »ñ³­½ÇÝ:

л­ï»­õ³­µ³ñ »ñ­Ïáõ ËÙµ³Ï­Ý»­ñáõÝ ³É ³Ý­ÙÇ­ç³­Ï³Ý Ýå³­ï³ÏÝ ¿ñ áõ ÏÁ ÙÝ³Û Ë³Ý­·³­ñ»É áñ»­õ¿ ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ, áñ ãÇ ÙÇ­³ó­Ý»ñ Æñ­É³Ý­ï³ ÏÕ½ÇÝ: ²Ûë Ûëï³Ï Ýå³­ï³­Ïáí ÇëÏ, ³ÝáÝù 1997-ÇÝ ëÏë³Ý ½³­Ý³­½³Ý ³Ý­Ñ»­Ã»Ã »õ ³ñÇõ­Ý³­ÉÇ å³Û­ÃáõÙ­Ý»­ñáõ »õ ëå³­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñáõ ³ÉÇ­ùÇ ÙÁ, áñáÝó í»ñ­çÇÝ­Ý»ñÝ ¿ÇÝ ³Ýó­ÝáÕ ³Ùë­áõ³Ý å³­ï³­Ñ³Í ½Ç­Ýáõá­ñ³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñáõ Ù³­Ñ»­ñÁ: ²Ûë Û³ñ­Ó³­ÏáõÙ­Ý»­ñáõ ³Ù»­Ý¿Ý ïËñ³Ñé­ã³ÏÝ ¿ñ Omagh-Ç 1998-Ç å³Û­Ãáõ­ÙÁ áñ ËÉ»ó 29 ½á­Ñ»ñ:

ä¿ïù ¿ 볭ϳÛÝ ß»ß­ï»É, áñ ³Ûë »ñ­Ïáõ ͳۭñ³­Û»Õ ËÙµ³Ï­óáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñÁ 볭ϳÛÝ áõ­ÝÇÝ µ³­õ³­Ï³Ý Ñ»­Õǭݳ­Ï³­õáñ Õ»­Ï³­í³­ñáõ­ÃÇõÝ »õ µ³½­Ù³­ÃÇõ ѳ­Ù³­ÏÇñ­Ý»ñ »õ áã áù ϳë­Ï³­ÍÇ ï³Ï Ïÿ³é­Ý¿ ³ÝáÝó Ëáñ ѳ­õ³ï­ùÁ, ѳ­Ï³­é³Ï Çñ»Ýó ËÇëï ¹³­ï³­å³ñ­ï»­ÉÇ ³ñ³ñù­Ý»­ñáõÝ:



¶ðÆ­¶à𠸺ð­Ò²Î­º²Ü

A pro-Continuity I.R.A. (C.I.R.A.) grafitti. They remind the War or struggle for a United Ireland is not over despite all agreements such as the "Good Friday" that still holds. The group is marginal, but determined and violent.

²Ûë­å¿ë, RIRA-Ç ÑÇ٭ݳ­¹Çñ ³Ý­¹³Ù­Ý»­ñ¿Ý »Ý 1982-ÇÝ Provisional IRA (PIRA) ѳ­ó³­¹áõ­Éáí Ù³­Ñ³­ó³Í Bobby Sands-Ç ùáÛ­ñÁª Bernadette Sands-Á »õ Çñ ³Ùáõ­ëÇ­ÝÁª Michael McKevitt-Á: ²Ûë í»ñ­çÇ­ÝÁ PIRA-Ç ½Ç­Ýáõá­ñ³­Ï³Ý µ³ñÓ­ñ³­·áÛÝ ï»­Õ³­Ï³ÉÝ ¿ñ (quartermaster) »ñµ 1997-Ç µ³­Ý³Ï­óáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñáõ ݳ­Ëûñ­»³­ÏÇÝ ½³Û­ñ³­ó³Í µ³ÅÝ­áõ»­ó³õ, Çñ Ñ»ï ï³­Ý»­Éáí ï³ëÝ­»³Ï­Ý»­ñáí ³Ý­¹³Ù­Ý»ñ »õ µ³­õ³­Ï³­ÝÇÝ Ï³­ñ»­õáñ ½¿Ýù áõ ½Ç­Ý³Ù­Ã»ñù:

CIRA »õ Çñ ¹³ß­Ý³­ÏÇó RIRA íï³Ý­·³­õáñ »Ý, áñáí­Ñ»­ï»õ ß³ï ÏáñëÝó­Ý»­ÉÇù ãáõ­ÝÇÝ: ¶Ç­ï»Ý ÿ Çñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ Ñ³Ý­ñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý ˳­õÁ ÏÁ ѳëÏ­Ý³Û Çñ»Ýó å³Û­ù³­ñÁ, ÝáÛ­ÝÇëÏ »Ã¿ ѳ­Ù³­Ó³ÛÝ ã»Ý Çñ»Ýó ³ñÇõ­Ý³­ÉÇ »õ á×­ñ³­ÛÇÝ ³ñ³ñù­Ý»­ñáõÝ: ì»ñ­çÇÝ ëå³­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñ¿Ý »ïù, »ñµ Ç߭˳­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñÁ Ó»ñ­µ³­Ï³­É»­óÇÝ RIRA-Ç ³Ý­¹³Ù Colin Duffy Ïá­ã»ó­»³­ÉÁ, ä¿É­ý³ë­ÃÇ Ùû­ï³­Ï³Û Çñ ßñç³­ÝÇÝ Ù¿ç ѳ­ñÇõ­ñ³­õáñ ϳ­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ »ñÇ­ï³­ë³ñ¹­Ý»ñ µá­Õá­ùÇ óáÛó »õ Ëéá­íáõ­ÃÇõÝ Ï³­ï³­ñ»­óÇÝ, Çñ»Ýó ³Ûë ½û­ñ³Ï­óáõ­Ã»³Ùµ ½³ñ­Ù³ó­Ý»­Éáí ß³­ï»ñ:

Sinn Fein-Ç å³ß­ïû­Ý³­Ï³Ý ¹Çñ­ùá­ñá­ßáõ­ÙÁ ³Ûë ËÙµ³Ï­Ý»­ñáõÝ Ñ³Ý­¹¿å ù³­Õ³­ù³­Ï³Ý »õ å³ï­Ù³­Ï³Ý ·»ï­ÝÇ íñ³Û ËÇëï ¹Åáõ³ñ ¿: Ø¿Ï ÏáÕ­Ù¿ ³Ý å¿ïù ¿ áñ å³ßï­å³­Ý¿ ϳ­é³­í³­ñ³­Ï³Ý ·Ç­ÍÁ »õ ËëïÇõ ¹³­ï³­å³ñ­ï¿ §Í³Û­ñ³­Û»Õ­Ý»­ñÁ¦: ØÇõë ÏáÕ­Ù¿, Gerry Adams-Ç Ï³½­Ù³­Ï»ñ­åáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ ãÇ Ïñݳñ ³Ý­ï»­ë»É »õ Ýë»­Ù³ó­Ý»É ³Ûë ËÙµ³Ï­Ý»­ñáõÝ ù³­Õ³­ù³­Ï³Ý å³Û­ù³­ñÇ ÑÇ٭ݳ­ù³­ñÁ ϳ½­ÙáÕ ØÇ­³ó­»³É Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ Ýå³­ï³­ÏÇÝ Ç ËݹÇñ å³Û­ù³­ñÁ. ÝáÛ­ÝÇëÏ »Ã¿ ÙÇ­çáó­Ý»­ñÁ ÁÉ­É³Ý ß³ï ë˳É: γ­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ ½³Ý·­áõ³­ÍÁ ÏÁ ·Ç­ï³Ï­óÇ, ÿ áõß Ï³Ù Ï³­ÝáõË µá­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñÁ å¿ïù ¿ ÝëïÇÝ ³õ»­ÉÇ Éáõñç ѳßÇõÇ »õ ¹¿Ù ¹Ý»Ý ÙÇ­³ó­»³É Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ ÙÁ ѳ­õ³­Ý³­Ï³­Ýáõ­Ã»³Ý, î³å­ÉÇÝ ù³­Õ³­ùÁ áõ­Ý»­Ý³­Éáí ǵ­ñ»õ Ù³Û­ñ³­ù³­Õ³ù:

Ø¿Ï Ëûë­ùáí, ³ñ³ñ ³ß­Ë³ñÑ ·Ç­ï¿ ÿ 1998-Ç §²õ³· àõñ­µ³Ã¦Ç ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ýáõ­Ã»õÝ­Ý»­ñÁ å³ï­Ù³­Ï³Ý Ï¿ï ÙÁÝ »Ý ÉáÏ »õ áã í»ñ­ç³­Ï¿­ïÁ: Real IRA-ÇÝ Ñ»­ï³åÝ­¹³ÍÝ ³É ×Çß¹ ³Û¹ ¿, ³Û­ëÇÝùÝ ÛÇ­ß»ó­Ý»É µá­Éáñ ÏáÕ­Ù»­ñáõÝ áñ Ý»ñ­Ï³­ÛÇ Ë³­Õ³­Õáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ ³ñ­¹ÇõÝù ¿ ų­Ù³­Ý³­Ï³­õáñ ½Ç­Ý³­¹³­¹³­ñÇ ÙÁ:

гݭñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñÁ ·Ç­ï»Ý, ÿ µáõÝ å³­ï»­ñ³½­ÙÁ ﳭϳ­õÇÝ Çñ ³õ³ñ­ïÇÝ Ñ³ë­Ý»­É¿ ß³ï Ñ»­éáõ ¿, ³ÛÝ­ù³Ý ³ï»Ý, áñ ÏÕ½ÇÝ ÏÁ ÙÝ³Û ³ñ­áõ»ë­ï³­Ï³Ý Ï»ñ­åáí µ³­ÅÝ­áõ³Íª å³Ñ­å³­Ý»­Éáõ ѳ­Ù³ñ ÑÇõ­ëÇ­ëÇ ³Ý·É­Ç­³­Ï³Ý »õ ëÏáíï­Ç­³­Ï³Ý ͳ­·áõ­Ùáí µá­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñáõÝ §Çñ³­õáõÝù­Ý»­ñÁ¦: Øݳ󭻳­ÉÁ å³ï­Ù³­Ï³Ý ³éáõ­Ùáí å³ñ½ ½Ç­Ý³­¹³­¹³ñ ¿, å³ï­ñ³ëï­áõ»­Éáí å³Û­ù³­ñÇ Ýáñ ÷áõ­ÉÇ:

ÎÿÁë­áõÇ, ÿ Ï»³Ý­ùÇÝ Ù¿ç Ï³Ý »ñ­Ïáõ ³Ý­Ëáõ­ë³­÷»­ÉÇ Çñ³­Ï³­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»ñª ïáõñ­ù»ñÝ áõ Ù³­ÑÁ: ²ëáÝó íñ³Û ϳ­ñ»­ÉÇ ¿ ݳ­»õ ³õ»Éó­Ý»É Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ ï³·­Ý³­åÁ, áñ 400 ï³­ñÇ­Ý»ñ »õ ³Ý­ÃÇõ Ù³­Ñ»­ñ¿ »ïù, Ù³ñ¹­Ïáõ­Ã»³Ý ÏÁ Ëáë­ï³­Ý³Û Ýá­ñ³­Ýáñ áÕ­µ»ñ­·áõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»ñ:
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Dark clouds again over Northern Ireland (Armenian, Հայերէն)

Horizon/ 2009-04-08 ¸³ñÓ­»³É Ùáõà ³Ù­å»ñ ÐÇõ­ëÇ­ë³­ÛÇÝ Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ íñ³Û



î³ë­ÝըÑÇÝ· ï³­ñÇ­Ý»­ñáõ Û³­ñ³­µ»­ñ³­Ï³Ý ˳­Õ³­Õáõ­Ã»­Ý¿ »ïùª ÐÇõ­ëÇ­ë³­ÛÇÝ Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ »ñ­ÏÇÝ­ùÁ í»ñ­ç»ñë ¹³ñÓ­»³É Ùó·­Ý»­ó³õ µñǭﳭݳ­óÇ Çñ­Ïáõ ½Ç­Ýáõáñ­Ý»­ñáõ »õ áë­ïǭϳ­ÝÇ ÙÁ ëå³­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñáí:

Continuity IRA »õ Real IRA ѳݭñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý ³Û­É³­Ù»ñÅ ½ÇÝ­»³É ËÙµ³Ï­Ý»­ñÁ ëï³ÝÓ­Ý»­óÇÝ ³Ûë ³ñÇõ­Ýáï ³ñ³ñù­Ý»­ñáõÝ å³­ï³ë­Ë³­Ý³­ïáõáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ »õ ³Ý­ÙÇ­ç³­Ï³Ý Ñ³ñ­ó³­Ï³­ÝÇ ï³Ï ¹ñÇÝ »ñÏ­ñÇ ù³­Õ³­ù³­Ï³Ý ß³ï ÷ËñáõÝ Status Quo-Ý: ´³Ûó á±í »Ý ³ÝáÝù »õ DZÝã Ýå³­ï³Ï­Ý»ñ ÏÁ ÑÇ­ï³åÝ­¹»Ý:

²Ûë Ýáñ ëå³­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñÁ, ù³­Õ³­ù³­Ï³Ý å³­ï»­ñ³½­ÙÇ ÙÁ í»ñëÏë­Ù³Ý Ùï³­í³­Ëáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ Û³­é³­ç³­óáõ­óÇÝ, ³Ñ áõ ¹áÕ ï³­ñ³­Í»­Éáí ä¿É­ý³ë­Ã¿Ý î³å­ÉÇÝ »õ ÈáÝ­ïáÝ: سѭáõ³Ý ëïáõ»­ñÁ ¹³ñÓ­»³É Û³ÛïÝ­áõ»­ó³õ ÐÇõ­ëÇ­ë³­ÛÇÝ Æñ­É³­Ý³­ï³­ÛÇ íñ³Û: 1970-1998 ï»­õ³Í ù³­Õ³­ù³ó­Ç­³­Ï³Ý å³­ï»­ñ³½­ÙÁ åÇ­ïÇ íÇñëÏ­ëDZ ³ñ¹­»ûù: The troubles Ïá­ãáõáÕ ³Û¹ Ù³­Ñ³­óáõ ų­Ù³­Ý³­Ï³ßñ­ç³­ÝÁ ËÉ³Í ¿ñ ³õ»­ÉÇ ù³Ý 3500 ½áÑ »õ 50 000 íÇ­ñ³­õáñ:

²Ý­ßáõßï The Troubles å³­ïÇ­ñ³½­ÙÁ ·á­Ý¿ ų­Ù³­Ý³­Ï³­õáñ Ï»ñ­åáí í»ñç ·ï³õ 1998-ÇÝ ëïá­ñ³·ñ­áõ³Í §²õ³· àõñ­µ³Ã¦Ç ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ý³·­ñáí áñ γ­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ гݭñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý ÏáÕ­ÙÇÝ Ïáõ ï³ñ µ³­õ³­ñ³ñ Çñ³­õáõÝù­Ý»ñ »õ ÑÇ٭ݳ­Ï³Ý ½Ç­çáõÙ­Ý»ñ: ²Û­ëÇÝùÝ Î³­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ гݭñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñÁ í»ñç Ç í»ñ­çáÛ ÏÁ Ý»­ñ³é­áõ¿­ÇÝ Ï³­é³­í³­ñ³­Ï³Ý ѳ­Ù³­Ï³ñ­·ÇÝ Ù¿ç »õ ÏÁ ¹³é­Ý³­ÛÇÝ Ç߭˳­Ýáõ­Ã»³Ý ³Ý­¹³Ù ¹³­ñ³­õáñ ³Ï³­Ù³Û Ñ»­é³­óáõ­Ù¿ »õ ϳ­Ù³Û åáÛ­ùá­Ã¿ »ïù:

§²õ³· àõñ­µ³Ã¦Ç ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñÁ ³Ý­ßáõßï ß³ï µ³ñ¹ ¿ÇÝ Çñ»Ýó µÝáÛ­Ãáí »õ µá­í³Ý­¹³­Ïáõ­Ã»³Ùµ: ´á­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý Unionist Ù»­Í³­Ù³ë­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ, ÿ­»õ ÏÁ ϳ­ï³­ñ¿ñ ½³­Ý³­½³Ý ½Ç­çáõÙ­Ý»ñ, 볭ϳÛÝ ÑÇ٭ݳ­Ï³­ÝÁ ã¿ñ ÷áË­áõ»ñ. ÐÇõ­ëÇ­ë³­ÛÇÝ Æñ­É³Ý­ï³ ÏÁ ß³­ñáõ­Ý³­Ï¿ñ ÙÝ³É ³Ý­ç³ï­áõ³Í ѳ­ñ³­õÇ Î³­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ Ù»­Í³­Ù³ë­Ýáõ­Ã»³Ùµ Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ Ñ³Ý­ñ³­å»­ïáõ­Ã»­Ý¿Ý (î³å­ÉÇÝ) »õ ϳå­áõ³Í Ø»ÍÝ ´ñÇ­ï³Ý­ÇáÛ: Ø¿Ï Ëûë­ùáíª µá­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñÁ ã¿­ÇÝ ½Ç­ç»ñ ÑÇ٭ݳ­Ï³­ÝÁª ÈáÝ­ïá­ÝÇ Ñ»ï Çñ»Ýó áõÕ­Õ³­ÏÇ Ï³­åÁ: Ulster Unionist ´á­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñáõ ¹³­ñ³­õáñ ïÇ­ñ³­å»­ïáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ, ëÏë³Í 1603-ÇÝ, í»ñç ã¿ñ ·ïÝ»ñ ³Ûë ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ý³·­ñáí, 볭ϳÛÝ ÏÁ ïϳ­ñ³­Ý³ñ:

ä³­ñ³­·³Ý ÝáÛ­ÝÁ ã¿ñ γ­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ ѳݭñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý ëïá­ñ³·­ñáÕ ÏáÕ­ÙÇÝ: Sinn Fein-Ǫ ³Û­ëÇÝùÝ Provisional IRA-Ç (PIRA) Õ»­Ï³­í³ñ Gerry Adams »õ Martin McGuiness, ÙÇ­³­Ý³­Éáí ³õ»­ÉÇ ã³­÷³­õá­ñ³­Ï³Ý ϳ­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ Õ»­Ï³­í³ñ­Ý»­ñáõ, ÇÝã­å¿ëª David Hume, ³Û¹ ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ý³·­ñáí ÏÁ ¹³¹­ñ»ó­Ý¿­ÇÝ ½ÇÝ­»³É å³Û­ù³­ñÁ »õ ³é³­çÇÝ ³Ý­·³Ù Áɭɳ­Éáí Ù³ë ÏÁ ϳ½­Ù¿­ÇÝ Ï³­é³­í³­ñáõ­Ã»³Ý »õ ï»Õ ÏÁ ·ñ³­õ¿­ÇÝ »ñÏ­ñÇ ËáñÑñ­¹³­ñ³­ÝÇݪ Stormont-ÇÝ Ù¿ç: McGuiness Ù¿Ï­¹Ç ¹Ý»­Éáí Çñ PIRA-Ç ½Ç­Ýáõá­ñ³­Ï³Ý å³­ï³ë­Ë³­Ý³ï­áõÇ ½·»ë­ïÁª 2007-ÇÝ ÏÁ ¹³é­Ý³ñ »ñÏ­ñÇÝ ÷áË í³ñ­ã³­å»­ïÁ: ÆëÏ Çñ»Ýó ·É˳­õáñ Ãßݳ­ÙÇ Unionist µá­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý ͳۭñ³­Û»­Õ³­Ï³Ý Ian Paisley ÏÁ ¹³é­Ý³ñ í³ñ­ã³­å»ï: Ìǭͳ­Õ»­ÉÇ »õ ³Ý­Ñ»­Ã»Ã, 볭ϳÛÝ Çñ­É³Ý­ï³­Ï³Ý Çñ³­Ï³­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ:

1998-ÇÝ Ï³­Û³­ó³Í å³ï­Ù³­Ï³Ý ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñÁ µÝ³­Ï³­Ý³­µ³ñ Ù»Í ¹Å·áÑ­Ý»ñ Ó·»­óÇÝ »ñ­Ïáõ ѳ­Ï³­Ù³ñï ÏáÕ­Ù»­ñáõ ³ñ­Ù³­ï³­Ï³Ý áõ­Å»­ñáõ ß³ñ­ù»­ñáõÝ Ù¿çª Ù³­Ý³­õ³Ý¹ ϳ­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿­Ý»­ñáõÝ ÏáÕ­ÙÁ:

A Pro-Real I.R.A. (R.I.R.A.) grafitti and slogans, Falls Road, Belfast.

Provisional IRA-Ç Õ»­Ï³­í³­ñáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ »ñÏ­÷»Õ­áõ»­ó³õ »õ ³Û­É³­Ù»ñÅ­Ý»­ñÁ Gerry Adams-Á Ýϳ­ï»­óÇÝ ¹³­õ³­¹Çñ Çñ»Ýó ¹³­ïÇ ³Ù»­Ý³­Ï³­ñ»­õáñ Ï¿­ïÇݪ Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ ÙÇ­³ó­Ù³Ý Çï­¿­³­ÉÇÝ ³éÝ­ãáõ­Ã»³Ùµ: ØÝ³ó­»³É Ï¿­ï»­ñÁ ³ñ­¹¿Ý ϳ­ñ»­õáñ ÇëÏ ã¿­ÇÝ ³ÛÝ­ù³Ý ³ï»Ý, áñ ÏÕ½ÇÝ ÏÁ Ùݳñ µ³ÅÝ­áõ³Í, ÑÇõ­ëÇ­ëÁ å³­Ñ»­Éáí µá­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý »õ µñǭﳭݳ­Ï³Ý áõÕ­Õ³­ÏÇ Ñ³­Ï³Ïß­éÇÝ ï³Ï:

²Ûë­å¿ë ϳ½Ù­áõ³Í »õ Ù»­Ïáõ­ë³­ó³Í Real IRA (RIRA) »õ, Continuity IRA (CIRA) »ñ¹­áõ»­ó³Ý ß³­ñáõ­Ý³­Ï»É å³Û­ù³­ñÁ: ²ÝáÝó ³ÝáõÝ­Ý»ñÝ ÇëÏ Ïÿáõ­½»Ý ÛÇ­ß»ó­Ý»É µá­Éáñ Éëá­Õ³ó, ÿ Çñ»Ýù »Ý áñ ÏÁ Ý»ñ­Ï³­Û³ó­Ý»Ý »õ ÏÁ å³Ñ­å³­Ý»Ý ѳݭñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý å³ï­Ù³­Ï³Ý »õ ÙÇ­³ó­»³É Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ Çï­¿­³­ÉÁ: ²ÛÉ Ëûë­ùáí, ³ÝáÝù Ëá­ñ³­å¿ë ÏÁ ѳ­õ³­ï³Ý áñ Sinn Fein »õ Provisional-Ý»­ñÁ ¹ñ³­ÙÇ »õ Ñ»­Õǭݳ­Ïáõ­Ã»³Ý ëÇ­ñáÛÝ Í³­Ë»­óÇÝ Çñ»Ýó ëϽµáõÝù­Ý»­ñÁ »õ ¹³­õ³­×³­Ý»­óÇÝ Çñ­É³Ý­ï³­Ï³Ý ¹³­ñ³­õáñ »ñ³­½ÇÝ:

л­ï»­õ³­µ³ñ »ñ­Ïáõ ËÙµ³Ï­Ý»­ñáõÝ ³É ³Ý­ÙÇ­ç³­Ï³Ý Ýå³­ï³ÏÝ ¿ñ áõ ÏÁ ÙÝ³Û Ë³Ý­·³­ñ»É áñ»­õ¿ ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ, áñ ãÇ ÙÇ­³ó­Ý»ñ Æñ­É³Ý­ï³ ÏÕ½ÇÝ: ²Ûë Ûëï³Ï Ýå³­ï³­Ïáí ÇëÏ, ³ÝáÝù 1997-ÇÝ ëÏë³Ý ½³­Ý³­½³Ý ³Ý­Ñ»­Ã»Ã »õ ³ñÇõ­Ý³­ÉÇ å³Û­ÃáõÙ­Ý»­ñáõ »õ ëå³­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñáõ ³ÉÇ­ùÇ ÙÁ, áñáÝó í»ñ­çÇÝ­Ý»ñÝ ¿ÇÝ ³Ýó­ÝáÕ ³Ùë­áõ³Ý å³­ï³­Ñ³Í ½Ç­Ýáõá­ñ³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñáõ Ù³­Ñ»­ñÁ: ²Ûë Û³ñ­Ó³­ÏáõÙ­Ý»­ñáõ ³Ù»­Ý¿Ý ïËñ³Ñé­ã³ÏÝ ¿ñ Omagh-Ç 1998-Ç å³Û­Ãáõ­ÙÁ áñ ËÉ»ó 29 ½á­Ñ»ñ:

ä¿ïù ¿ 볭ϳÛÝ ß»ß­ï»É, áñ ³Ûë »ñ­Ïáõ ͳۭñ³­Û»Õ ËÙµ³Ï­óáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñÁ 볭ϳÛÝ áõ­ÝÇÝ µ³­õ³­Ï³Ý Ñ»­Õǭݳ­Ï³­õáñ Õ»­Ï³­í³­ñáõ­ÃÇõÝ »õ µ³½­Ù³­ÃÇõ ѳ­Ù³­ÏÇñ­Ý»ñ »õ áã áù ϳë­Ï³­ÍÇ ï³Ï Ïÿ³é­Ý¿ ³ÝáÝó Ëáñ ѳ­õ³ï­ùÁ, ѳ­Ï³­é³Ï Çñ»Ýó ËÇëï ¹³­ï³­å³ñ­ï»­ÉÇ ³ñ³ñù­Ý»­ñáõÝ:



¶ðÆ­¶à𠸺ð­Ò²Î­º²Ü

A pro-Continuity I.R.A. (C.I.R.A.) grafitti. They remind the War or struggle for a United Ireland is not over despite all agreements such as the "Good Friday" that still holds. The group is marginal, but determined and violent.

²Ûë­å¿ë, RIRA-Ç ÑÇ٭ݳ­¹Çñ ³Ý­¹³Ù­Ý»­ñ¿Ý »Ý 1982-ÇÝ Provisional IRA (PIRA) ѳ­ó³­¹áõ­Éáí Ù³­Ñ³­ó³Í Bobby Sands-Ç ùáÛ­ñÁª Bernadette Sands-Á »õ Çñ ³Ùáõ­ëÇ­ÝÁª Michael McKevitt-Á: ²Ûë í»ñ­çÇ­ÝÁ PIRA-Ç ½Ç­Ýáõá­ñ³­Ï³Ý µ³ñÓ­ñ³­·áÛÝ ï»­Õ³­Ï³ÉÝ ¿ñ (quartermaster) »ñµ 1997-Ç µ³­Ý³Ï­óáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñáõ ݳ­Ëûñ­»³­ÏÇÝ ½³Û­ñ³­ó³Í µ³ÅÝ­áõ»­ó³õ, Çñ Ñ»ï ï³­Ý»­Éáí ï³ëÝ­»³Ï­Ý»­ñáí ³Ý­¹³Ù­Ý»ñ »õ µ³­õ³­Ï³­ÝÇÝ Ï³­ñ»­õáñ ½¿Ýù áõ ½Ç­Ý³Ù­Ã»ñù:

CIRA »õ Çñ ¹³ß­Ý³­ÏÇó RIRA íï³Ý­·³­õáñ »Ý, áñáí­Ñ»­ï»õ ß³ï ÏáñëÝó­Ý»­ÉÇù ãáõ­ÝÇÝ: ¶Ç­ï»Ý ÿ Çñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ Ñ³Ý­ñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý ˳­õÁ ÏÁ ѳëÏ­Ý³Û Çñ»Ýó å³Û­ù³­ñÁ, ÝáÛ­ÝÇëÏ »Ã¿ ѳ­Ù³­Ó³ÛÝ ã»Ý Çñ»Ýó ³ñÇõ­Ý³­ÉÇ »õ á×­ñ³­ÛÇÝ ³ñ³ñù­Ý»­ñáõÝ: ì»ñ­çÇÝ ëå³­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñ¿Ý »ïù, »ñµ Ç߭˳­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»­ñÁ Ó»ñ­µ³­Ï³­É»­óÇÝ RIRA-Ç ³Ý­¹³Ù Colin Duffy Ïá­ã»ó­»³­ÉÁ, ä¿É­ý³ë­ÃÇ Ùû­ï³­Ï³Û Çñ ßñç³­ÝÇÝ Ù¿ç ѳ­ñÇõ­ñ³­õáñ ϳ­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ »ñÇ­ï³­ë³ñ¹­Ý»ñ µá­Õá­ùÇ óáÛó »õ Ëéá­íáõ­ÃÇõÝ Ï³­ï³­ñ»­óÇÝ, Çñ»Ýó ³Ûë ½û­ñ³Ï­óáõ­Ã»³Ùµ ½³ñ­Ù³ó­Ý»­Éáí ß³­ï»ñ:

Sinn Fein-Ç å³ß­ïû­Ý³­Ï³Ý ¹Çñ­ùá­ñá­ßáõ­ÙÁ ³Ûë ËÙµ³Ï­Ý»­ñáõÝ Ñ³Ý­¹¿å ù³­Õ³­ù³­Ï³Ý »õ å³ï­Ù³­Ï³Ý ·»ï­ÝÇ íñ³Û ËÇëï ¹Åáõ³ñ ¿: Ø¿Ï ÏáÕ­Ù¿ ³Ý å¿ïù ¿ áñ å³ßï­å³­Ý¿ ϳ­é³­í³­ñ³­Ï³Ý ·Ç­ÍÁ »õ ËëïÇõ ¹³­ï³­å³ñ­ï¿ §Í³Û­ñ³­Û»Õ­Ý»­ñÁ¦: ØÇõë ÏáÕ­Ù¿, Gerry Adams-Ç Ï³½­Ù³­Ï»ñ­åáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ ãÇ Ïñݳñ ³Ý­ï»­ë»É »õ Ýë»­Ù³ó­Ý»É ³Ûë ËÙµ³Ï­Ý»­ñáõÝ ù³­Õ³­ù³­Ï³Ý å³Û­ù³­ñÇ ÑÇ٭ݳ­ù³­ñÁ ϳ½­ÙáÕ ØÇ­³ó­»³É Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ Ýå³­ï³­ÏÇÝ Ç ËݹÇñ å³Û­ù³­ñÁ. ÝáÛ­ÝÇëÏ »Ã¿ ÙÇ­çáó­Ý»­ñÁ ÁÉ­É³Ý ß³ï ë˳É: γ­Ãá­ÕÇ­Ï¿ ½³Ý·­áõ³­ÍÁ ÏÁ ·Ç­ï³Ï­óÇ, ÿ áõß Ï³Ù Ï³­ÝáõË µá­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñÁ å¿ïù ¿ ÝëïÇÝ ³õ»­ÉÇ Éáõñç ѳßÇõÇ »õ ¹¿Ù ¹Ý»Ý ÙÇ­³ó­»³É Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ ÙÁ ѳ­õ³­Ý³­Ï³­Ýáõ­Ã»³Ý, î³å­ÉÇÝ ù³­Õ³­ùÁ áõ­Ý»­Ý³­Éáí ǵ­ñ»õ Ù³Û­ñ³­ù³­Õ³ù:

Ø¿Ï Ëûë­ùáí, ³ñ³ñ ³ß­Ë³ñÑ ·Ç­ï¿ ÿ 1998-Ç §²õ³· àõñ­µ³Ã¦Ç ѳ­Ù³­Ó³Û­Ýáõ­Ã»õÝ­Ý»­ñÁ å³ï­Ù³­Ï³Ý Ï¿ï ÙÁÝ »Ý ÉáÏ »õ áã í»ñ­ç³­Ï¿­ïÁ: Real IRA-ÇÝ Ñ»­ï³åÝ­¹³ÍÝ ³É ×Çß¹ ³Û¹ ¿, ³Û­ëÇÝùÝ ÛÇ­ß»ó­Ý»É µá­Éáñ ÏáÕ­Ù»­ñáõÝ áñ Ý»ñ­Ï³­ÛÇ Ë³­Õ³­Õáõ­ÃÇõÝÁ ³ñ­¹ÇõÝù ¿ ų­Ù³­Ý³­Ï³­õáñ ½Ç­Ý³­¹³­¹³­ñÇ ÙÁ:

гݭñ³­å»­ï³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñÁ ·Ç­ï»Ý, ÿ µáõÝ å³­ï»­ñ³½­ÙÁ ﳭϳ­õÇÝ Çñ ³õ³ñ­ïÇÝ Ñ³ë­Ý»­É¿ ß³ï Ñ»­éáõ ¿, ³ÛÝ­ù³Ý ³ï»Ý, áñ ÏÕ½ÇÝ ÏÁ ÙÝ³Û ³ñ­áõ»ë­ï³­Ï³Ý Ï»ñ­åáí µ³­ÅÝ­áõ³Íª å³Ñ­å³­Ý»­Éáõ ѳ­Ù³ñ ÑÇõ­ëÇ­ëÇ ³Ý·É­Ç­³­Ï³Ý »õ ëÏáíï­Ç­³­Ï³Ý ͳ­·áõ­Ùáí µá­Õá­ù³­Ï³Ý­Ý»­ñáõÝ §Çñ³­õáõÝù­Ý»­ñÁ¦: Øݳ󭻳­ÉÁ å³ï­Ù³­Ï³Ý ³éáõ­Ùáí å³ñ½ ½Ç­Ý³­¹³­¹³ñ ¿, å³ï­ñ³ëï­áõ»­Éáí å³Û­ù³­ñÇ Ýáñ ÷áõ­ÉÇ:

ÎÿÁë­áõÇ, ÿ Ï»³Ý­ùÇÝ Ù¿ç Ï³Ý »ñ­Ïáõ ³Ý­Ëáõ­ë³­÷»­ÉÇ Çñ³­Ï³­Ýáõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»ñª ïáõñ­ù»ñÝ áõ Ù³­ÑÁ: ²ëáÝó íñ³Û ϳ­ñ»­ÉÇ ¿ ݳ­»õ ³õ»Éó­Ý»É Æñ­É³Ý­ï³­ÛÇ ï³·­Ý³­åÁ, áñ 400 ï³­ñÇ­Ý»ñ »õ ³Ý­ÃÇõ Ù³­Ñ»­ñ¿ »ïù, Ù³ñ¹­Ïáõ­Ã»³Ý ÏÁ Ëáë­ï³­Ý³Û Ýá­ñ³­Ýáñ áÕ­µ»ñ­·áõ­ÃÇõÝ­Ý»ñ:
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Impressions from Belfast

Կրակը մոխիրին տակ (Տպաւորութիւններ Պելֆասթէն)

êÏáíïÇáÛ ·É˳õáñ ù³Õ³ù ÎɳëÏáÛ¿Ý å¿ïù ¿ ùᯐ Ùûï³õáñ³å¿ë ÙէÏáõÏ¿ë ųÙ, ѳëÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ Íáí»½»ñ»³Û Stanraer ³õ³ÝÁ:

²Ûë ÷áùñÇÏ ³õ³Ý¿Ý ¿, áñ ѳ½³ñ³õáñ ׳ٵáñ¹Ý»ñ Çñ»Ýó ÇÝùݳ߳ñÅ»ñáí »õ ÷á˳¹ñ³Ï³éù»ñáí ÏÁ ÙïÝ»Ý ÑëÏ³Û³Ï³Ý Ferry-boat-»ñáõ Ù¿ç, Ù»ÏÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ ¹¿åÇ ÐÇõëÇë³ÛÇÝ ÆñɳÝï³ÛÇ íÇñ³õáñ Ù³Ûñ³ù³Õ³ùÁª ä»Éý³ëÃ:

Þáõ¿ï³Ï³Ý ¹ñûß³Ïáí Ù»ñ Ferry-boat-Á ËÇëï ³ñ¹Ç³Ï³Ý ¿: ²Ý Çñ ÑëÏ³Û³Ï³Ý helice-Ý»ñáí ÏÁ ×»Õù¿ ÇñɳÝï³Ï³Ý ÍáíÇÝ Ëáñ çáõñ»ñÁª Ñ»½³ë³Ñûñ¿Ý ï³Ý»Éáí Ù»½ ¹¿åÇ Ý³õ³Ñ³Ý·Çëï:

ä»Éý³ëà ³Ýßáõßï ³ß˳ñÑÇ ³Ù»Ý¿Ý Ý߳ݳõáñ »õ ïËñ³Ñéã³Ï ''պ'' ï³éáí ëÏëáÕ »ñ»ù Ù³Ûñ³ù³Õ³ùÝ»ñ¿Ý Ù¿ÏÝ ¿, ä¿ÛñáõÃÇ »õ ä³Õï³ïÇ ÏáÕùÇÝ:

The so-called ''peace walls'' of Belfast, seperating the Catholic (Republican) from the Potestant (Loyalist) : when will these walls of shame come down?

²Ñ³° Ñ»éáõ¿Ý ÏÁ ï»ëÝáõÇÝ ³ñ¹¿Ý ä»Éý³ëÃÇ ßñç³Ï³ÛùÇ É»éÝ»ñÁ »õ ³å³ª ä»Éý³ëÃÇ Ý³õ³Ñ³Ý·ÇëïÝ áõ Íáí»½»ñ»³Û ³ñáõ³ñÓ³ÝÝ»ñáõ ·»Õ»óÇÏ ïáõÝ»ñÁ, íëï³Ñ³µ³ñ ·É˳õáñ³å¿ë µáÕáù³Ï³ÝÝ»ñáõ å³ïϳÝáÕ:

ܳõ³Ñ³Ý·ÇëïÁ ³ßËáõÅ ÏÁ ÃáõÇ ÁÉɳÉ, ÙÇÝã Ù»ñ Ó³ËÇÝ ÏÁ ·ïÝ»Ýù ݳõ³ßÇݳñ³ñ³Ï³Ý ÑëÏ³Û ³ß˳ï³Ýáó-·áñͳñ³Ý ÙÁ: ÜáÛÝ ³Ûë ݳõ³Ñ³Ý·Çëï¿Ý ¿ñ, áñ 1912 ²åñÇÉÇÝ Íáí Çç³õ Titanic Ý߳ݳõáñ ݳõÁ »õ ù³ÝÇ ÙÁ ûñ »ïù »ÝóñÏáõ»ó³õ Çñ ïËáõñ ׳ϳﳷñÇÝ, Southempton-¿Ý ÜÇõ ºáñù ׳ٵáñ¹»Éáõ ÁÝóóùÇÝ:

Ü»ñϳÛÇë ³Ûë í³ÛñÇÝ Ù¿ç ÏÁ Íñ³·ñáõÇ ßÇÝ»É Titanic-Ç ³Ýáõ³Ý óݷ³ñ³Ý ÙÁ, áñ, íëï³Ñ³µ³ñ, ³ß˳ñÑÇ ãáñë ͳ·»ñ¿Ý ѳ½³ñ³õáñ ½µûë³ßñçÇÏ ¦Ë»Ýç»ñ åÇïÇ ù³ß¿ ¹¿åÇ ä»Éý³ëà (Ûëï³Ï ã¿ ë³Ï³ÛÝ, ÿ ê»ÉÇÝ îÇáÝ åÇïÇ »ñ·¿ óݷ³ñ³ÝÇ µ³óÙ³Ý Ñ³Ý¹Çëáõû³Ý ϳ٠áã...):

гë³Í »Ýù ³ñ¹¿Ý ݳõ³Ñ³Ý·Çëï »õ ݳõÁ Ïÿ³Ýß³ñųݳÛ: Ö³Ùµáñ¹Ý»ñÁ ÏÁ å³ïñ³ëïáõÇÝ ÇçÝ»É: ²é³çÇÝ ³ÏݳñÏáí ä»Éý³ëà ѻéáõ¿Ý ÏÁ ÃáõÇ ÝÙ³ÝÇÉ µñÇï³Ý³Ï³Ý ÙÇç³Ï Ù»Íáõû³Ùµ áñ»õ¿ ³ÛÉ ù³Õ³ùǪ Portsmouth, Bristol ϳ٠Norwich:

A Loyalist (protestant) mural in the Shankill neighbourhood, Belfast.

²Ýßáõßï »ñ»õáÛÃÝ»ñ¿Ý µÝ³õ å¿ïù 㿠˳µáõÇÉ: ä»Éý³ëà "Ñéã³Ï" ÙÁ áõÝÇ å³ßïå³Ý»ÉÇù:

ä»Éý³ëÃÁª ä»Éý³ëà ¿: ²Ûëûñ áñáß Ë³Õ³ÕáõÃÇõÝ ÏÁ ïÇñ¿ ÐÇõëÇë³ÛÇÝ ÆñɳÝï³ÛÇ Ù¿ç ÁݹѳÝñ³å¿ë, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ¹³ñ³õáñ ÁÙµáëïáõÃÇõÝ, å³ï»ñ³½Ù, ëáí áõ ³õ»ñ ϳñ»ÉÇ ã¿ ëñµ»É ù³ÝÇ ÙÁ ï³ñÇÝ»ñáõ ³Ûëå¿ë Ïáãáõ³Í "0˳ճÕáõû³Ùµ": سݳõ³Ý¹ áñ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ÃÝ×áõÏÁ ß³ï Ñ»éáõ ¿ ÉáõÍáõ³Í ÁÉɳɿ:

ä»Éý³ëà å³ñ½³å¿ë ËÇëï Ï»ñåáí µ³ÅÝáõ³Í ù³Õ³ù ÙÁÝ ¿ ÇñɳÝï³óÇ Ï³ÃáÕÇÏ¿ ѳٳÛÝùÇÝ »õ ٻͳٳëÝáõû³Ùµ ëÏáíïdzóÇ Í³·áõÙáí µáÕáù³Ï³ÝÝ»ñáõ ÙÇç»õ: ÐÇõëÇë³ÛÇÝ ÇñɳÝï³ ÏÁ ï³é³åÇ "ùñáÝÇÏ ù³ÕóÏ»Õ"¿, »õ ä»Éý³ëà ³Ýáñ ï³é³å³ÝùÇÝ Ï»¹ñáÝÝ ¿:

²Ûá°, ''㿽áù''ßñç³ÝÝ»ñ ϳÝ, ÇÝãå¿ëª ù³Õ³ùÇÝ Ï»¹ñáÝ³Ï³Ý ßñç³ÝÁ »õ ßáõϳݻñÁ: ²Ñ³° ÏÁ Ùïݻ٠"Europe" ßù»Õ å³Ý¹áÏÁ: ä³Ý¹áÏ ÙÁ, áñ Çñ å³ïÙáõû³Ý ÁÝóóùÇÝ ³õ»ÉÇ ù³Ý 36 ³Ý·³Ù éáõÙµ»ñáõ »õ ³Ñ³µ»Ïãáõû³Ýó ÃÇñ³Ë ¿ ¹³ñÓ³Í, å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý ½³Ý³½³Ý ѳݷñáõ³ÝÝ»ñáõ ÁÝóóùÇÝ:

"Europa" å³Ý¹áÏÇÝ Ù¿ç ¿ñ, áñ ݳ˳·³Ñ ¶ÉÇÝÃÁÝ »õ ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ ½ûñ³í³ñ îÁ Þ³ëÃÁÉ¿Ý ÏÁ í³ñ¿ÇÝ Çñ»Ýó µ³Ý³ÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ »ñÏáõ ѳϳٳñï áõÅ»ñáõÝ ÙÇç»õ (³Ù»ñÇϳóÇ ÄáñÅ ØÇÃãÁÉÇ Ñ»ï Ù¿Ïï»Õ), ѳëÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ Ý»ñϳÛÇ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ѳٳӳÛÝáõû³Ýó, áñáÝù ï³Ï³õÇÝ Ç ½ûñáõ »Ý:

A republican mural commemorating the Bombay street Carnage, Protestants attacking and burning down a whole Catholic street on August 15,1969: This was at the very start of the civil war called of the Troubles and the events that triggered the formation of the Provisional I.R.A.

λ¹ñáÝ³Ï³Ý ßñç³Ý¿Ý ù³ÝÇ ÙÁ ÷áÕáó ³Ý¹ÇÝ, ³ñ¹¿Ý ÏÁ ·ïÝáõÇÝù Shankill-Ç µáÕáù³Ï³Ý ßñç³ÝÁ: ´áÕáù³Ï³Ý áõÅ»ñáõ Ñéã³Ï³õáñ Ï»¹ñáݳï»ÕÇÝ, áñ ÏÁ ÝÙ³ÝÇ µ³ó ½ûñ³ÝáóÇ:

î»ë³ñ³ÝÁ å³ñ½³å¿ë ³Ýѳõ³ï³ÉÇ ¿: Ø»ÍÝ ´ñÇï³ÝÇáÛ Ñ³ñÇõñ³õáñ ¹ñûß³ÏÝ»ñ ÏÁ ͳͳÝÇÝ Çõñ³ù³ÝãÇõñ ß¿ÝùÇ í»ñ»õ, Çõñ³ù³ÝãÇõñ ëÇõÝÇ íñ³Û: ²Ù¿Ý ÏáÕÙª ѳϳ-ϳÃáÕÇÏ¿ »õ ѳϳ-IRA å³ïÏ»ñÝ»ñ ·Íáõ³Í »Ý ïáõÝ»ñáõ å³ï»ñáõÝ íñ³Û, Ù¿ÏÁ ÙÇõë¿Ý ³õ»ÉÇ í³ñå»ïûñ¿Ý ·Íáõ³Í, ËݳÙáõ³Í ÝϳñÝ»ñ, áñáÝù ÙÇ³Å³Ù³Ý³Ï É»óáõÝ »Ý ³ï»Éáõû³Ùµ ¹¿åÇ Ï³ÃáÕÇÏ¿ ѳٳÛÝùÁ »õ Û³ïϳå¿ë ¹¿åÇ IRA-Ý, Û³ÕÃ³Ï³Ý ÏáÕÙÇ ÇÝùݳíëï³ÑáõÃÇõÝÝ áõ ·áéá½áõÃÇõÝÁ óáɳóÝáÕ Çõñ³Û³ïáõÏ á×áí ÙÁ:

ì³ÛñÏ»³Ý ÙÁ ÇÝù½ÇÝùë ÏÁ ϳñͻ٠ÈáÝïáÝÇ Ï³é³í³ñáõû³Ý ëÇñïª Westminster-Whitehall óճٳëÁ: ´³Ûó á°ã... ä»Éý³ëÃÇ Shankill ÏáãáõáÕ ³Ûë óջñáõ µÝ³ÏÇãÝ»ñÁ ³õ»ÉÇ Ãáõݹ µñÇï³Ý³óÇ »Ý, ù³Ý ´ñÇï³ÝÇáÛ House of Lords-Ç ³Ýդ³ÙÝ»ñÁ...

"ä³å¿Ý ³õ»ÉÇ å³å³Ï³Ý", ÇÝãå¿ë ÏÿÁë¿ ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Á: ²ÝáÝù ÏÁ Ù»ñÅ»Ý ÇñɳÝï³Ï³Ý (ϳÃáÕÇÏ¿ ѳÝñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý) áñ»õ¿ ϳñ»ÉÇáõÃÇõÝ »õ Ïÿáõ½»Ý å³Ñå³Ý»É Oliver Cromwell-Ç »õ Battle of the Boyne-Ç ûñ»ñ¿Ý Çñ»Ýó Û³ÕóݳÏÝ»ñáõÝ ÛÇß³ï³ÏÝ»ñÝ áõ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ïÇñ³å»ïáÕÇ Çñ³íÇ׳ÏÁ: "No surrender" ÏÁ ·ñ»Ý ³Ù»Ýáõñ»ù:

Shankill ͳÛñ³Û»Õ µáÕáù³Ï³ÝÝ»ñáõÝ ³ÙñáóÝ ¿, áõñ ÏÁ ·áñÍ»Ý ³Ýßáõßï ݳ»õ ³ÝáÝó ½ÇÝ»³É áõÅ»ñÁª å³ïٳϳÝûñ¿Ý ¹³ßݳÏó»Éáí µñÇï³Ý³Ï³Ý µ³Ý³ÏÇÝ Ñ»ï: ´³Ûó ³ÛÅÙ "˳ճÕáõÃÇõÝ" ¿ »õ ½¿Ýù»ñÁ ßï»Ù³ñ³ÝÝ»ñáõ Ù¿ç »Ý å³Ñáõ³Í...

Shankill óճٳë¿Ý ϳÃáÕÇÏ¿ ³ß˳ñѳÑéã³Ï Falls Road-Ç ÙÇç»õ Ñ»é³õáñáõÃÇõÝÁ ÏñÝ³Û ù³ÝÇ ÙÁ ѳñÇõñ Ù»Ãñ ÁÉÉ³É ÙdzÛÝ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ï³ñµ»ñáõÃÇõÝÁ ³åß»óáõóÇã ¿: ä³ñ½³å¿ëª ³Ýѳõ³ï³ÉÇ:

Provisional Irish Republican Army-Ç »õ ³Ýáñ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý µ³ÅÝÇݪ Sinn-Fein-Ç ³Ùñáó Falls-Road-Á ÏÁ ѳ·ÝÇ µáÉáñáíÇÝ áõñÇß Ñ³·áõëï: Ðá·ÇÝ »õ ¿áõÃÇõÝÝ ÇëÏ ï³ñµ»ñ »Ý:

The world famous Harland and Wolff cranes of Belfast harbour. The Titanic was built there in 1911.

Ðáë, Çõñ³ù³ÝãÇõñ ß¿ÝùÇ »õ ëÇõÝÇ íñ³Û ÏÁ ͳͳÝÇ Ùdzó»³É (»õ ³Ýßáõßïª Ï³ÃáÕÇÏ¿) ѳÝñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý »é³·áÛÝ ¹ñûßÁª ϳݳã, ×»ñÙ³Ï »õ ݳñÝç³·áÛÝ: ÜÙáõßÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ ÇëÏ µñÇï³Ý³Ï³Ý áã Ù¿Ï Union Jack! à±í ÏÁ ѳٳñÓ³ÏÇ...

Úáõ½Çã ¿ ï»ë³ñ³ÝÁ: ´³ó ·»ñ»½Ù³Ý-å³ÝÿáÝÝ»ñª ½áÑ»ñáõ Ç ÛÇß³ï³Ï ï³å³Ý³ù³ñ»ñáí, ³Ù¿Ý Ù¿Ï å³ïÇ »õ ß¿ÝùÇ ÏáÕùÇݪ ½³Ý³½³Ý ûٳݻñáí »õ ËÇëï ËݳÙáõ³Í å³ïÇ mural-Ý»ñ, áñáÝù ÏÁ Ûáõß»Ý ÙûïÇÏ ³Ýó»³ÉÇ é³½Ù³Ï³Ý ·áñÍáÕáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ, ëËñ³·áñÍáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÝ áõ ½áÑ»ñáõÝ ÃáÕ³Í ³õ³Ý¹Á, ÇÝãå¿ëª 1916-¿Ý 1922 ï»õ³Í ÇñɳÝï³Ï³Ý ³åëï³Ùµáõû³Ý, 1970-1980-³Ï³Ý Ãáõ³Ï³ÝÝ»ñáõ ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý å³ï»ñ³½ÙÇ (The troubles), Ødzó»³É ÆñɳÝï³ÛÇ ÙÁ ѳٳñ å³Ûù³ñÇ ýÇï³ÛÇÝ»ñáõÝ: ÜáÛÝ í³ÛñÇÝ Ù¿ç Ï³Ý Ý³»õª øáõå³ÛÇ, Æñ³ùÇ, ä³Õ»ëïÇÝÇ, ø³Ã³ÉáÝdzÛÇ ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Ý»ñáõ ³½³ï³·ñ³Ï³Ý å³Ûù³ñÇÝ ÝáõÇñáõ³Í Û³ïϳÝß³Ï³Ý mural-Ý»ñ, ½áñë ³ñáõ»ëï³·¿ïÝ»ñ ûñ³Ï³Ý ¹ñáõû³Ùµ »õ ËݳÙùáí ÏÁ Ýáñá·»Ý ½³ÝáÝù:

ÆëÏ Falls Road-Ç ³Ù»Ý¿Ý Ý߳ݳõáñ mural-Á ÏÁ å³ïϳÝÇ IRA-Ç Ý³Ñ³ï³Ï Bobby Sands-Ç: 1981-ÇÝ, ǵñ»õ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý µ³Ýï³ñÏ»³É ³Ý ¹ÇÙ»ó ѳó³¹áõÉÇ »õ 27 ï³ñ»Ï³ÝÇÝ Ù³Ñ³ó³õ ä»Éý³ëÃÇ Long Kesh Maze (H- Block) µ³ÝïÇÝ Ù¿ç, ï³ëÝ»³Ï ÙÁ ³ÛÉ ·³Õ³÷³ñ³ÏÇóÝ»ñáõ Ñ»ï:

The most famous mural of Belfast:The iconic Bobby Sands (Falls Road, next to the Sinn Fein offices). He died on Hunger Strike in the infamous HM Prison Maze (H-Block) after getting elected as M.P. to the U.K. Parliament (1981). He was not a very high ranking member of the I.R.A. but became the most famous martyr to the Nationalist Republican cause.

²Ýßáõßï, ³Û¹ ûñ»ñáõÝ Ñ³Ù³ß˳ñѳÛÇÝ ³éûñ»³Û ÝÇõÃÇ í»ñ³Íáõ³Í ¿ñ Bobby Sands »õ ä»Éý³ëÃÇ ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Á ÝáÛÝÇëÏ ½ÇÝù ÁÝïñ»ó ´ñÇï³ÝÇáÛ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ Çñ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÁ, »ñ»ë÷á˳Ý, »ñµ µ³ÝïÇÝ Ù¿ç ³Ý ï³Ï³õÇÝ ÏÁ ß³ñáõݳϿñ Çñ ѳó³¹áõÉÁ, µñÇï³Ý³Ï³Ý µ³ÝïÇ ³Û¹ ïËñ³Ñéã³Ï »õ Ùáõà ÝÏáõÕÝ»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç: Îñݳ٠³Ýí³ñ³Ý Áë»É, áñ Bobby Sands ÐÇõëÇë³ÛÇÝ ÆñɳÝï³ÛÇ ³ñ¹Ç ì³ñ¹³Ý سÙÇÏáÝ»³ÝÝ ¿:

ÆëÏ ÐÇõëÇë³ÛÇÝ ÆñɳÝï³ÛÇ Ñ»ñáëÇÝ ÝáõÇñáõ³Í mural-Á ³Ý»ñ»õ³Ï³Û»ÉÇûñ¿Ý Ûáõ½Çã ¿, »õ ³Ýáñ ³éç»õ¿Ý ³Ù¿Ý ûñ Ïÿ³ÝóÝÇÝ Ñ³ñÇõñ³õáñ ½µûë³ßñçÇÏÝ»ñ: ê³Ï³ÛÝ áã áù ÏÁ ѳٳñÓ³ÏÇ »ñϳñ ÙÝ³É ÑáÝ, áñáíÑ»ï»õª "ÇÝã ÏÿÁÉɳÛ, ÇÝã ãÿÁÉɳñ"'...

´Ý³Ïãáõû³Ý ٻͳٳëÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ϳÃáÕÇÏ¿, ÆñɳÝï³ ÏÕ½ÇÝ ³Ýßáõßï 1920-³Ï³Ý Ãáõ³Ï³ÝÝ»ñáõÝ µ³ÅÝáõ»ó³õ »ñÏáõ Ù³ëǪ ÑÇõëÇë »õ ѳñ³õ: ÐÇõëÇëÁ ³ñáõ»ëï³Ï³Ýûñ¿Ý ã³÷áõ³Í »õ Ó»õáõ³Í ÈáÝïáÝÇ Ù¿ç, "å³ßïå³Ý»Éáõ" ѳٳñ Unionist-Loyalist µáÕáù³Ï³Ý µñÇï³Ý³ë¿ñ ٻͳٳëÝáõÃÇõÝ ÙÁ: ²Ýßáõßï ÐÇõëÇëÇ Ï³ÃáÕÇÏ¿Ý»ñÁ Ó·»Éáí ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý »õ ÁÝÏ»ñ³ÛÇÝ ³ÝÁݹáõÝ»ÉÇ ¹ÅáËùÇ ÙÁ Ù¿ç, áõñÏ¿ ³ÝáÝù ã»Ý ·Çï»ñ ÇÝãå¿ë ¹áõñë åÇïÇ ·³Ýª ÙdzݳÉáõ ѳٳñ гñ³õÇ Çñ»Ýó »Õµ³ÛñÝ»ñáõÝ:

²Ýϳ˳ó³Í гñ³õÁ, áñ í»ñ³Íáõ»ó³õ ÆñɳÝï³Ï³Ý ³ÝÏ³Ë Ñ³Ýñ³å»ïáõû³Ý »õ Ù³Ûñ³ù³Õ³ù áõÝÇ î³åÉÇÝÁ, ³Ûëûñ áõÝÇ µ³ñ·³õ³× íÇ×³Ï ÙÁ, Ù³ë ÏÁ ϳ½Ù¿ ºõñáå³Ï³Ý ØÇáõû³Ý »õ ÏÁ ·áñͳͿ Euro ¹ñ³Ù³ÝÇßÁ »õ áã ÿ ³Ý·ÉÇ³Ï³Ý Pound-Á, ѳϳé³Ï ÐÇõëÇëÇ Çñ ѳÛñ»Ý³ÏÇóÝ»ñáõÝ, áñáÝù ³Ù¿Ý ÇÙ³ëïáí »ÝÃ³Ï³Û »Ý µñÇï³Ý³Ï³Ý ϳé³í³ñáõû³Ý:

γÃáÕÇÏ¿Ý»ñÁ ÙÇÝã»õ ³Ûëûñ ÏÁ åáé³Ýª "Tiocfaidh Ar La, Sing up the Ra", áñ óñ·Ù³ÝǪ "Ø»ñ ųٳݳÏÁ åÇïÇ ·³Û, »ñ·»Ýù Ødzó»³É ÆñɳÝï³Ý":

Ødzó»³É ÆñɳÝï³Ý ûñ ÙÁ ûñ³Ýó ÏñÝ³Û Çñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÇõÝ ¹³éݳÉ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ³Û¹ ûñÁ ß³ï ß³ï Ñ»éáõ ÏÁ ÃáõÇ ÁÉɳÉ, áñáíÑ»ï»õ ÐÇõëÇëÇ Unionist µáÕáù³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÁ ÝáÛÝù³Ý Ù³ñïáõÝ³Ï »Ý »õ í³Ûñ³·ûñ¿Ý ÏÁ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï»Ý å³Ûù³ñÁª å³ïٳϳÝûñ¿Ý Çñ»Ýó Û³ÕóݳÏÇ »õ ïÇñ³å»ïáÕÇ modus vivendi-Ý å³Ñ»Éáõ ѳٳñ: ØÇõë ÏáÕÙ¿, ¹Åáõ³ñ ¿ »ñ»õ³Ï³Û»É, áñ ûñ ÙÁ ÈáÝïáÝ "Éù¿" ÐÇõëÇëÇ Çñ ¹³ñ³õáñ ¹³ßݳÏÇóÝ»ñÁ, µáÕáù³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÁ, »õ ³ñïûÝÁ ÐÇõëÇëÇ ÙdzóáõÙÁ ÆñɳÝï³ÛÇ Ñ³Ýñ³å»ïáõû³Ý:

ø³ÝÇ ÙÁ ï³ñÇ¿ Ç í»ñ Good Friday Agreement-Ý»ñáõ ÉáÛëÇÝ ï³Ï ϳÃáÕÇÏ¿Ý»ñÁ ÏÁ Ù³ëݳÏóÇÝ Çß˳Ýáõû³Ýóª Power Sharing-Ç ËñÃÇÝ ¹ñáõû³Ùµ ÙÁ: ´áÕáù³Ï³Ý »õ ϳÃáÕÇÏ¿ ѳٳÛÝùÝ»ñáõ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñÁ ÏÁ ÝëïÇÝ ¹¿Ù-¹ÇÙ³ó, ÏÁ ËûëÇÝ »õ ÏÁ ϳé³í³ñ»Ý »ñÏÇñÁ ÙdzëÇÝ:

²Ûá°: ä»Éý³ëà ³Ûëûñ Ë³Õ³Õ ¿ »õ ÏÁ µ³ñ·³õ³×Ç: Shankill-Ç »õ Falls Road-Ç ÙÇç»õ ϳéáõóáõ³Í ÑëÏ³Û³Ï³Ý å³ïÇÝ ¹éÝ»ñÁ µ³ó »Ý, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ³Ûë ³ÙûóÉÇ "˳ճÕáõû³Ý" å³ïÁ ï³Ï³õÇÝ Ï³Ý·áõÝ ¿, »õ Çß˳ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ã»Ý Íñ³·ñ»ñ ½³ÛÝ ÷É»É Berlin-Ç å³ïÇÝ ÝÙ³Ý: àã áù ÏÁ ËáñÑÇ ³Ûë ³ÙûÃÇ »õ ³ï»Éáõû³Ý å³ïÁ ù³Ý¹»É ٿϳݷ³ÙÁݹÙÇßï:

²Ûá°: ÎáÛñ »õ »õ ÙdzÙÇï å¿ïù ¿ ÁÉÉ³É Ï³ñÍ»Éáõ ѳٳñ, ÿ ѳñóÁ "ÉáõÍáõ³Í" ¿ »õ Ïñ³ÏÁª Ù³ñ³Í: ä»Éý³ëÃÇ µ³Å³ÝáõÙÇ å³ïÁ »õ ѳϳٳñï óճٳë»ñÁ íϳÛ:

²ñ¹³ñ»õ, í³é Ïñ³ÏÁ ÙÇÙdzÛÝ å³Ñáõ³Í ¿ ÙáËÇñÇ Ã³ÝÓñ ˳õÇ ÙÁ ï³Ï »õ ¹Åµ³Ëï³µ³ñ áõß Ï³Ù Ï³ÝáõË ¹³ñÓ»³É åÇïÇ µéÝÏÇ:

²÷ëáë:

¶ðƶà𠸺ðҲκ²Ü

Impressions from Belfast

Կրակը մոխիրին տակ (Տպաւորութիւններ Պելֆասթէն)

êÏáíïÇáÛ ·É˳õáñ ù³Õ³ù ÎɳëÏáÛ¿Ý å¿ïù ¿ ùᯐ Ùûï³õáñ³å¿ë ÙէÏáõÏ¿ë ųÙ, ѳëÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ Íáí»½»ñ»³Û Stanraer ³õ³ÝÁ:

²Ûë ÷áùñÇÏ ³õ³Ý¿Ý ¿, áñ ѳ½³ñ³õáñ ׳ٵáñ¹Ý»ñ Çñ»Ýó ÇÝùݳ߳ñÅ»ñáí »õ ÷á˳¹ñ³Ï³éù»ñáí ÏÁ ÙïÝ»Ý ÑëÏ³Û³Ï³Ý Ferry-boat-»ñáõ Ù¿ç, Ù»ÏÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ ¹¿åÇ ÐÇõëÇë³ÛÇÝ ÆñɳÝï³ÛÇ íÇñ³õáñ Ù³Ûñ³ù³Õ³ùÁª ä»Éý³ëÃ:

Þáõ¿ï³Ï³Ý ¹ñûß³Ïáí Ù»ñ Ferry-boat-Á ËÇëï ³ñ¹Ç³Ï³Ý ¿: ²Ý Çñ ÑëÏ³Û³Ï³Ý helice-Ý»ñáí ÏÁ ×»Õù¿ ÇñɳÝï³Ï³Ý ÍáíÇÝ Ëáñ çáõñ»ñÁª Ñ»½³ë³Ñûñ¿Ý ï³Ý»Éáí Ù»½ ¹¿åÇ Ý³õ³Ñ³Ý·Çëï:

ä»Éý³ëà ³Ýßáõßï ³ß˳ñÑÇ ³Ù»Ý¿Ý Ý߳ݳõáñ »õ ïËñ³Ñéã³Ï ''պ'' ï³éáí ëÏëáÕ »ñ»ù Ù³Ûñ³ù³Õ³ùÝ»ñ¿Ý Ù¿ÏÝ ¿, ä¿ÛñáõÃÇ »õ ä³Õï³ïÇ ÏáÕùÇÝ:

The so-called ''peace walls'' of Belfast, seperating the Catholic (Republican) from the Potestant (Loyalist) : when will these walls of shame come down?

²Ñ³° Ñ»éáõ¿Ý ÏÁ ï»ëÝáõÇÝ ³ñ¹¿Ý ä»Éý³ëÃÇ ßñç³Ï³ÛùÇ É»éÝ»ñÁ »õ ³å³ª ä»Éý³ëÃÇ Ý³õ³Ñ³Ý·ÇëïÝ áõ Íáí»½»ñ»³Û ³ñáõ³ñÓ³ÝÝ»ñáõ ·»Õ»óÇÏ ïáõÝ»ñÁ, íëï³Ñ³µ³ñ ·É˳õáñ³å¿ë µáÕáù³Ï³ÝÝ»ñáõ å³ïϳÝáÕ:

ܳõ³Ñ³Ý·ÇëïÁ ³ßËáõÅ ÏÁ ÃáõÇ ÁÉɳÉ, ÙÇÝã Ù»ñ Ó³ËÇÝ ÏÁ ·ïÝ»Ýù ݳõ³ßÇݳñ³ñ³Ï³Ý ÑëÏ³Û ³ß˳ï³Ýáó-·áñͳñ³Ý ÙÁ: ÜáÛÝ ³Ûë ݳõ³Ñ³Ý·Çëï¿Ý ¿ñ, áñ 1912 ²åñÇÉÇÝ Íáí Çç³õ Titanic Ý߳ݳõáñ ݳõÁ »õ ù³ÝÇ ÙÁ ûñ »ïù »ÝóñÏáõ»ó³õ Çñ ïËáõñ ׳ϳﳷñÇÝ, Southempton-¿Ý ÜÇõ ºáñù ׳ٵáñ¹»Éáõ ÁÝóóùÇÝ:

Ü»ñϳÛÇë ³Ûë í³ÛñÇÝ Ù¿ç ÏÁ Íñ³·ñáõÇ ßÇÝ»É Titanic-Ç ³Ýáõ³Ý óݷ³ñ³Ý ÙÁ, áñ, íëï³Ñ³µ³ñ, ³ß˳ñÑÇ ãáñë ͳ·»ñ¿Ý ѳ½³ñ³õáñ ½µûë³ßñçÇÏ ¦Ë»Ýç»ñ åÇïÇ ù³ß¿ ¹¿åÇ ä»Éý³ëà (Ûëï³Ï ã¿ ë³Ï³ÛÝ, ÿ ê»ÉÇÝ îÇáÝ åÇïÇ »ñ·¿ óݷ³ñ³ÝÇ µ³óÙ³Ý Ñ³Ý¹Çëáõû³Ý ϳ٠áã...):

гë³Í »Ýù ³ñ¹¿Ý ݳõ³Ñ³Ý·Çëï »õ ݳõÁ Ïÿ³Ýß³ñųݳÛ: Ö³Ùµáñ¹Ý»ñÁ ÏÁ å³ïñ³ëïáõÇÝ ÇçÝ»É: ²é³çÇÝ ³ÏݳñÏáí ä»Éý³ëà ѻéáõ¿Ý ÏÁ ÃáõÇ ÝÙ³ÝÇÉ µñÇï³Ý³Ï³Ý ÙÇç³Ï Ù»Íáõû³Ùµ áñ»õ¿ ³ÛÉ ù³Õ³ùǪ Portsmouth, Bristol ϳ٠Norwich:

A Loyalist (protestant) mural in the Shankill neighbourhood, Belfast.

²Ýßáõßï »ñ»õáÛÃÝ»ñ¿Ý µÝ³õ å¿ïù 㿠˳µáõÇÉ: ä»Éý³ëà "Ñéã³Ï" ÙÁ áõÝÇ å³ßïå³Ý»ÉÇù:

ä»Éý³ëÃÁª ä»Éý³ëà ¿: ²Ûëûñ áñáß Ë³Õ³ÕáõÃÇõÝ ÏÁ ïÇñ¿ ÐÇõëÇë³ÛÇÝ ÆñɳÝï³ÛÇ Ù¿ç ÁݹѳÝñ³å¿ë, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ¹³ñ³õáñ ÁÙµáëïáõÃÇõÝ, å³ï»ñ³½Ù, ëáí áõ ³õ»ñ ϳñ»ÉÇ ã¿ ëñµ»É ù³ÝÇ ÙÁ ï³ñÇÝ»ñáõ ³Ûëå¿ë Ïáãáõ³Í "0˳ճÕáõû³Ùµ": سݳõ³Ý¹ áñ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ÃÝ×áõÏÁ ß³ï Ñ»éáõ ¿ ÉáõÍáõ³Í ÁÉɳɿ:

ä»Éý³ëà å³ñ½³å¿ë ËÇëï Ï»ñåáí µ³ÅÝáõ³Í ù³Õ³ù ÙÁÝ ¿ ÇñɳÝï³óÇ Ï³ÃáÕÇÏ¿ ѳٳÛÝùÇÝ »õ ٻͳٳëÝáõû³Ùµ ëÏáíïdzóÇ Í³·áõÙáí µáÕáù³Ï³ÝÝ»ñáõ ÙÇç»õ: ÐÇõëÇë³ÛÇÝ ÇñɳÝï³ ÏÁ ï³é³åÇ "ùñáÝÇÏ ù³ÕóÏ»Õ"¿, »õ ä»Éý³ëà ³Ýáñ ï³é³å³ÝùÇÝ Ï»¹ñáÝÝ ¿:

²Ûá°, ''㿽áù''ßñç³ÝÝ»ñ ϳÝ, ÇÝãå¿ëª ù³Õ³ùÇÝ Ï»¹ñáÝ³Ï³Ý ßñç³ÝÁ »õ ßáõϳݻñÁ: ²Ñ³° ÏÁ Ùïݻ٠"Europe" ßù»Õ å³Ý¹áÏÁ: ä³Ý¹áÏ ÙÁ, áñ Çñ å³ïÙáõû³Ý ÁÝóóùÇÝ ³õ»ÉÇ ù³Ý 36 ³Ý·³Ù éáõÙµ»ñáõ »õ ³Ñ³µ»Ïãáõû³Ýó ÃÇñ³Ë ¿ ¹³ñÓ³Í, å³ïÙ³Ï³Ý ½³Ý³½³Ý ѳݷñáõ³ÝÝ»ñáõ ÁÝóóùÇÝ:

"Europa" å³Ý¹áÏÇÝ Ù¿ç ¿ñ, áñ ݳ˳·³Ñ ¶ÉÇÝÃÁÝ »õ ¶³Ý³ï³ÛÇ ½ûñ³í³ñ îÁ Þ³ëÃÁÉ¿Ý ÏÁ í³ñ¿ÇÝ Çñ»Ýó µ³Ý³ÏóáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ »ñÏáõ ѳϳٳñï áõÅ»ñáõÝ ÙÇç»õ (³Ù»ñÇϳóÇ ÄáñÅ ØÇÃãÁÉÇ Ñ»ï Ù¿Ïï»Õ), ѳëÝ»Éáõ ѳٳñ Ý»ñϳÛÇ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ѳٳӳÛÝáõû³Ýó, áñáÝù ï³Ï³õÇÝ Ç ½ûñáõ »Ý:

A republican mural commemorating the Bombay street Carnage, Protestants attacking and burning down a whole Catholic street on August 15,1969: This was at the very start of the civil war called of the Troubles and the events that triggered the formation of the Provisional I.R.A.

λ¹ñáÝ³Ï³Ý ßñç³Ý¿Ý ù³ÝÇ ÙÁ ÷áÕáó ³Ý¹ÇÝ, ³ñ¹¿Ý ÏÁ ·ïÝáõÇÝù Shankill-Ç µáÕáù³Ï³Ý ßñç³ÝÁ: ´áÕáù³Ï³Ý áõÅ»ñáõ Ñéã³Ï³õáñ Ï»¹ñáݳï»ÕÇÝ, áñ ÏÁ ÝÙ³ÝÇ µ³ó ½ûñ³ÝáóÇ:

î»ë³ñ³ÝÁ å³ñ½³å¿ë ³Ýѳõ³ï³ÉÇ ¿: Ø»ÍÝ ´ñÇï³ÝÇáÛ Ñ³ñÇõñ³õáñ ¹ñûß³ÏÝ»ñ ÏÁ ͳͳÝÇÝ Çõñ³ù³ÝãÇõñ ß¿ÝùÇ í»ñ»õ, Çõñ³ù³ÝãÇõñ ëÇõÝÇ íñ³Û: ²Ù¿Ý ÏáÕÙª ѳϳ-ϳÃáÕÇÏ¿ »õ ѳϳ-IRA å³ïÏ»ñÝ»ñ ·Íáõ³Í »Ý ïáõÝ»ñáõ å³ï»ñáõÝ íñ³Û, Ù¿ÏÁ ÙÇõë¿Ý ³õ»ÉÇ í³ñå»ïûñ¿Ý ·Íáõ³Í, ËݳÙáõ³Í ÝϳñÝ»ñ, áñáÝù ÙÇ³Å³Ù³Ý³Ï É»óáõÝ »Ý ³ï»Éáõû³Ùµ ¹¿åÇ Ï³ÃáÕÇÏ¿ ѳٳÛÝùÁ »õ Û³ïϳå¿ë ¹¿åÇ IRA-Ý, Û³ÕÃ³Ï³Ý ÏáÕÙÇ ÇÝùݳíëï³ÑáõÃÇõÝÝ áõ ·áéá½áõÃÇõÝÁ óáɳóÝáÕ Çõñ³Û³ïáõÏ á×áí ÙÁ:

ì³ÛñÏ»³Ý ÙÁ ÇÝù½ÇÝùë ÏÁ ϳñͻ٠ÈáÝïáÝÇ Ï³é³í³ñáõû³Ý ëÇñïª Westminster-Whitehall óճٳëÁ: ´³Ûó á°ã... ä»Éý³ëÃÇ Shankill ÏáãáõáÕ ³Ûë óջñáõ µÝ³ÏÇãÝ»ñÁ ³õ»ÉÇ Ãáõݹ µñÇï³Ý³óÇ »Ý, ù³Ý ´ñÇï³ÝÇáÛ House of Lords-Ç ³Ýդ³ÙÝ»ñÁ...

"ä³å¿Ý ³õ»ÉÇ å³å³Ï³Ý", ÇÝãå¿ë ÏÿÁë¿ ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Á: ²ÝáÝù ÏÁ Ù»ñÅ»Ý ÇñɳÝï³Ï³Ý (ϳÃáÕÇÏ¿ ѳÝñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý) áñ»õ¿ ϳñ»ÉÇáõÃÇõÝ »õ Ïÿáõ½»Ý å³Ñå³Ý»É Oliver Cromwell-Ç »õ Battle of the Boyne-Ç ûñ»ñ¿Ý Çñ»Ýó Û³ÕóݳÏÝ»ñáõÝ ÛÇß³ï³ÏÝ»ñÝ áõ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý ïÇñ³å»ïáÕÇ Çñ³íÇ׳ÏÁ: "No surrender" ÏÁ ·ñ»Ý ³Ù»Ýáõñ»ù:

Shankill ͳÛñ³Û»Õ µáÕáù³Ï³ÝÝ»ñáõÝ ³ÙñáóÝ ¿, áõñ ÏÁ ·áñÍ»Ý ³Ýßáõßï ݳ»õ ³ÝáÝó ½ÇÝ»³É áõÅ»ñÁª å³ïٳϳÝûñ¿Ý ¹³ßݳÏó»Éáí µñÇï³Ý³Ï³Ý µ³Ý³ÏÇÝ Ñ»ï: ´³Ûó ³ÛÅÙ "˳ճÕáõÃÇõÝ" ¿ »õ ½¿Ýù»ñÁ ßï»Ù³ñ³ÝÝ»ñáõ Ù¿ç »Ý å³Ñáõ³Í...

Shankill óճٳë¿Ý ϳÃáÕÇÏ¿ ³ß˳ñѳÑéã³Ï Falls Road-Ç ÙÇç»õ Ñ»é³õáñáõÃÇõÝÁ ÏñÝ³Û ù³ÝÇ ÙÁ ѳñÇõñ Ù»Ãñ ÁÉÉ³É ÙdzÛÝ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ï³ñµ»ñáõÃÇõÝÁ ³åß»óáõóÇã ¿: ä³ñ½³å¿ëª ³Ýѳõ³ï³ÉÇ:

Provisional Irish Republican Army-Ç »õ ³Ýáñ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý µ³ÅÝÇݪ Sinn-Fein-Ç ³Ùñáó Falls-Road-Á ÏÁ ѳ·ÝÇ µáÉáñáíÇÝ áõñÇß Ñ³·áõëï: Ðá·ÇÝ »õ ¿áõÃÇõÝÝ ÇëÏ ï³ñµ»ñ »Ý:

The world famous Harland and Wolff cranes of Belfast harbour. The Titanic was built there in 1911.

Ðáë, Çõñ³ù³ÝãÇõñ ß¿ÝùÇ »õ ëÇõÝÇ íñ³Û ÏÁ ͳͳÝÇ Ùdzó»³É (»õ ³Ýßáõßïª Ï³ÃáÕÇÏ¿) ѳÝñ³å»ï³Ï³Ý »é³·áÛÝ ¹ñûßÁª ϳݳã, ×»ñÙ³Ï »õ ݳñÝç³·áÛÝ: ÜÙáõßÇ Ñ³Ù³ñ ÇëÏ µñÇï³Ý³Ï³Ý áã Ù¿Ï Union Jack! à±í ÏÁ ѳٳñÓ³ÏÇ...

Úáõ½Çã ¿ ï»ë³ñ³ÝÁ: ´³ó ·»ñ»½Ù³Ý-å³ÝÿáÝÝ»ñª ½áÑ»ñáõ Ç ÛÇß³ï³Ï ï³å³Ý³ù³ñ»ñáí, ³Ù¿Ý Ù¿Ï å³ïÇ »õ ß¿ÝùÇ ÏáÕùÇݪ ½³Ý³½³Ý ûٳݻñáí »õ ËÇëï ËݳÙáõ³Í å³ïÇ mural-Ý»ñ, áñáÝù ÏÁ Ûáõß»Ý ÙûïÇÏ ³Ýó»³ÉÇ é³½Ù³Ï³Ý ·áñÍáÕáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ, ëËñ³·áñÍáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÝ áõ ½áÑ»ñáõÝ ÃáÕ³Í ³õ³Ý¹Á, ÇÝãå¿ëª 1916-¿Ý 1922 ï»õ³Í ÇñɳÝï³Ï³Ý ³åëï³Ùµáõû³Ý, 1970-1980-³Ï³Ý Ãáõ³Ï³ÝÝ»ñáõ ù³Õ³ù³óÇ³Ï³Ý å³ï»ñ³½ÙÇ (The troubles), Ødzó»³É ÆñɳÝï³ÛÇ ÙÁ ѳٳñ å³Ûù³ñÇ ýÇï³ÛÇÝ»ñáõÝ: ÜáÛÝ í³ÛñÇÝ Ù¿ç Ï³Ý Ý³»õª øáõå³ÛÇ, Æñ³ùÇ, ä³Õ»ëïÇÝÇ, ø³Ã³ÉáÝdzÛÇ ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Ý»ñáõ ³½³ï³·ñ³Ï³Ý å³Ûù³ñÇÝ ÝáõÇñáõ³Í Û³ïϳÝß³Ï³Ý mural-Ý»ñ, ½áñë ³ñáõ»ëï³·¿ïÝ»ñ ûñ³Ï³Ý ¹ñáõû³Ùµ »õ ËݳÙùáí ÏÁ Ýáñá·»Ý ½³ÝáÝù:

ÆëÏ Falls Road-Ç ³Ù»Ý¿Ý Ý߳ݳõáñ mural-Á ÏÁ å³ïϳÝÇ IRA-Ç Ý³Ñ³ï³Ï Bobby Sands-Ç: 1981-ÇÝ, ǵñ»õ ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý µ³Ýï³ñÏ»³É ³Ý ¹ÇÙ»ó ѳó³¹áõÉÇ »õ 27 ï³ñ»Ï³ÝÇÝ Ù³Ñ³ó³õ ä»Éý³ëÃÇ Long Kesh Maze (H- Block) µ³ÝïÇÝ Ù¿ç, ï³ëÝ»³Ï ÙÁ ³ÛÉ ·³Õ³÷³ñ³ÏÇóÝ»ñáõ Ñ»ï:

The most famous mural of Belfast:The iconic Bobby Sands (Falls Road, next to the Sinn Fein offices). He died on Hunger Strike in the infamous HM Prison Maze (H-Block) after getting elected as M.P. to the U.K. Parliament (1981). He was not a very high ranking member of the I.R.A. but became the most famous martyr to the Nationalist Republican cause.

²Ýßáõßï, ³Û¹ ûñ»ñáõÝ Ñ³Ù³ß˳ñѳÛÇÝ ³éûñ»³Û ÝÇõÃÇ í»ñ³Íáõ³Í ¿ñ Bobby Sands »õ ä»Éý³ëÃÇ ÅáÕáíáõñ¹Á ÝáÛÝÇëÏ ½ÇÝù ÁÝïñ»ó ´ñÇï³ÝÇáÛ ËáñÑñ¹³ñ³ÝÇ Çñ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÁ, »ñ»ë÷á˳Ý, »ñµ µ³ÝïÇÝ Ù¿ç ³Ý ï³Ï³õÇÝ ÏÁ ß³ñáõݳϿñ Çñ ѳó³¹áõÉÁ, µñÇï³Ý³Ï³Ý µ³ÝïÇ ³Û¹ ïËñ³Ñéã³Ï »õ Ùáõà ÝÏáõÕÝ»ñáõÝ Ù¿ç: Îñݳ٠³Ýí³ñ³Ý Áë»É, áñ Bobby Sands ÐÇõëÇë³ÛÇÝ ÆñɳÝï³ÛÇ ³ñ¹Ç ì³ñ¹³Ý سÙÇÏáÝ»³ÝÝ ¿:

ÆëÏ ÐÇõëÇë³ÛÇÝ ÆñɳÝï³ÛÇ Ñ»ñáëÇÝ ÝáõÇñáõ³Í mural-Á ³Ý»ñ»õ³Ï³Û»ÉÇûñ¿Ý Ûáõ½Çã ¿, »õ ³Ýáñ ³éç»õ¿Ý ³Ù¿Ý ûñ Ïÿ³ÝóÝÇÝ Ñ³ñÇõñ³õáñ ½µûë³ßñçÇÏÝ»ñ: ê³Ï³ÛÝ áã áù ÏÁ ѳٳñÓ³ÏÇ »ñϳñ ÙÝ³É ÑáÝ, áñáíÑ»ï»õª "ÇÝã ÏÿÁÉɳÛ, ÇÝã ãÿÁÉɳñ"'...

´Ý³Ïãáõû³Ý ٻͳٳëÝáõÃÇõÝÁ ϳÃáÕÇÏ¿, ÆñɳÝï³ ÏÕ½ÇÝ ³Ýßáõßï 1920-³Ï³Ý Ãáõ³Ï³ÝÝ»ñáõÝ µ³ÅÝáõ»ó³õ »ñÏáõ Ù³ëǪ ÑÇõëÇë »õ ѳñ³õ: ÐÇõëÇëÁ ³ñáõ»ëï³Ï³Ýûñ¿Ý ã³÷áõ³Í »õ Ó»õáõ³Í ÈáÝïáÝÇ Ù¿ç, "å³ßïå³Ý»Éáõ" ѳٳñ Unionist-Loyalist µáÕáù³Ï³Ý µñÇï³Ý³ë¿ñ ٻͳٳëÝáõÃÇõÝ ÙÁ: ²Ýßáõßï ÐÇõëÇëÇ Ï³ÃáÕÇÏ¿Ý»ñÁ Ó·»Éáí ù³Õ³ù³Ï³Ý »õ ÁÝÏ»ñ³ÛÇÝ ³ÝÁݹáõÝ»ÉÇ ¹ÅáËùÇ ÙÁ Ù¿ç, áõñÏ¿ ³ÝáÝù ã»Ý ·Çï»ñ ÇÝãå¿ë ¹áõñë åÇïÇ ·³Ýª ÙdzݳÉáõ ѳٳñ гñ³õÇ Çñ»Ýó »Õµ³ÛñÝ»ñáõÝ:

²Ýϳ˳ó³Í гñ³õÁ, áñ í»ñ³Íáõ»ó³õ ÆñɳÝï³Ï³Ý ³ÝÏ³Ë Ñ³Ýñ³å»ïáõû³Ý »õ Ù³Ûñ³ù³Õ³ù áõÝÇ î³åÉÇÝÁ, ³Ûëûñ áõÝÇ µ³ñ·³õ³× íÇ×³Ï ÙÁ, Ù³ë ÏÁ ϳ½Ù¿ ºõñáå³Ï³Ý ØÇáõû³Ý »õ ÏÁ ·áñͳͿ Euro ¹ñ³Ù³ÝÇßÁ »õ áã ÿ ³Ý·ÉÇ³Ï³Ý Pound-Á, ѳϳé³Ï ÐÇõëÇëÇ Çñ ѳÛñ»Ý³ÏÇóÝ»ñáõÝ, áñáÝù ³Ù¿Ý ÇÙ³ëïáí »ÝÃ³Ï³Û »Ý µñÇï³Ý³Ï³Ý ϳé³í³ñáõû³Ý:

γÃáÕÇÏ¿Ý»ñÁ ÙÇÝã»õ ³Ûëûñ ÏÁ åáé³Ýª "Tiocfaidh Ar La, Sing up the Ra", áñ óñ·Ù³ÝǪ "Ø»ñ ųٳݳÏÁ åÇïÇ ·³Û, »ñ·»Ýù Ødzó»³É ÆñɳÝï³Ý":

Ødzó»³É ÆñɳÝï³Ý ûñ ÙÁ ûñ³Ýó ÏñÝ³Û Çñ³Ï³ÝáõÃÇõÝ ¹³éݳÉ, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ³Û¹ ûñÁ ß³ï ß³ï Ñ»éáõ ÏÁ ÃáõÇ ÁÉɳÉ, áñáíÑ»ï»õ ÐÇõëÇëÇ Unionist µáÕáù³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÁ ÝáÛÝù³Ý Ù³ñïáõÝ³Ï »Ý »õ í³Ûñ³·ûñ¿Ý ÏÁ ß³ñáõÝ³Ï»Ý å³Ûù³ñÁª å³ïٳϳÝûñ¿Ý Çñ»Ýó Û³ÕóݳÏÇ »õ ïÇñ³å»ïáÕÇ modus vivendi-Ý å³Ñ»Éáõ ѳٳñ: ØÇõë ÏáÕÙ¿, ¹Åáõ³ñ ¿ »ñ»õ³Ï³Û»É, áñ ûñ ÙÁ ÈáÝïáÝ "Éù¿" ÐÇõëÇëÇ Çñ ¹³ñ³õáñ ¹³ßݳÏÇóÝ»ñÁ, µáÕáù³Ï³ÝÝ»ñÁ, »õ ³ñïûÝÁ ÐÇõëÇëÇ ÙdzóáõÙÁ ÆñɳÝï³ÛÇ Ñ³Ýñ³å»ïáõû³Ý:

ø³ÝÇ ÙÁ ï³ñÇ¿ Ç í»ñ Good Friday Agreement-Ý»ñáõ ÉáÛëÇÝ ï³Ï ϳÃáÕÇÏ¿Ý»ñÁ ÏÁ Ù³ëݳÏóÇÝ Çß˳Ýáõû³Ýóª Power Sharing-Ç ËñÃÇÝ ¹ñáõû³Ùµ ÙÁ: ´áÕáù³Ï³Ý »õ ϳÃáÕÇÏ¿ ѳٳÛÝùÝ»ñáõ Ý»ñϳ۳óáõóÇãÝ»ñÁ ÏÁ ÝëïÇÝ ¹¿Ù-¹ÇÙ³ó, ÏÁ ËûëÇÝ »õ ÏÁ ϳé³í³ñ»Ý »ñÏÇñÁ ÙdzëÇÝ:

²Ûá°: ä»Éý³ëà ³Ûëûñ Ë³Õ³Õ ¿ »õ ÏÁ µ³ñ·³õ³×Ç: Shankill-Ç »õ Falls Road-Ç ÙÇç»õ ϳéáõóáõ³Í ÑëÏ³Û³Ï³Ý å³ïÇÝ ¹éÝ»ñÁ µ³ó »Ý, ë³Ï³ÛÝ ³Ûë ³ÙûóÉÇ "˳ճÕáõû³Ý" å³ïÁ ï³Ï³õÇÝ Ï³Ý·áõÝ ¿, »õ Çß˳ÝáõÃÇõÝÝ»ñÁ ã»Ý Íñ³·ñ»ñ ½³ÛÝ ÷É»É Berlin-Ç å³ïÇÝ ÝÙ³Ý: àã áù ÏÁ ËáñÑÇ ³Ûë ³ÙûÃÇ »õ ³ï»Éáõû³Ý å³ïÁ ù³Ý¹»É ٿϳݷ³ÙÁݹÙÇßï:

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